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    • Building Tenacity and Willpower for SuccessUnderstanding and harnessing the brain's central hub can enhance our levels of tenacity and willpower, enabling us to persist under pressure and resistance and overcome obstacles.

      Tenacity and willpower play a crucial role in our ability to persist under pressure and resistance. Building these qualities can greatly benefit our overall well-being. One key aspect is understanding the brain's central hub that integrates information and generates tenacity and willpower. By tapping into this hub, we can enhance our levels of tenacity and willpower in various circumstances. However, it's important to strike a balance because too much tenacity and willpower can be detrimental to our mental and physical health. Additionally, tenacity and willpower should be differentiated from habit execution, as they require conscious effort and energy to intervene in our default neural processes. Ultimately, building and harnessing tenacity and willpower can empower us to overcome obstacles and achieve success.

    • The Role of Energy and Motivation in BehaviorOur level of motivation determines our ability to engage in or resist behaviors. Understanding the continuum from tenacity to apathy helps us recognize the importance of motivation in positive change.

      Our ability to engage in or resist behaviors requires energy. This energy can come from various fuel sources in the body, but ultimately it is the energy needed to overcome internal and external resistance that determines our level of motivation. We can experience resistance from others who doubt our abilities, but more often, we struggle with internal resistance where we lack the motivation to do something we should or find it difficult to resist things that pull us in the wrong direction. Understanding the continuum from tenacity and willpower to apathy and depression helps us recognize the importance of motivation in moving towards positive change. Willpower and tenacity rely on motivation as the driving force, separate from a limited resource perspective. Psychology has long studied the conditions that drain or generate willpower, and while some believe it is a limited resource, the concept of ego depletion is more about effort required to bridge one's concept of self and challenges. So, it is vital to not only distinguish and understand tenacity and willpower from habit execution but also recognize the role of motivation in moving up and down the continuum.

    • Exploring the Limitations of Willpower: A Controversial DebateRegardless of whether willpower is truly limited or not, believing in our tenacity and employing strategies to increase willpower can help us overcome challenges without feeling depleted.

      There is a debate about whether willpower is a limited resource. The concept of ego depletion, or the idea that our willpower can be depleted with each successive attempt to engage it, is at the center of this debate. While there is conflicting evidence, it is important to understand the theory of willpower as a limited resource and the controversy surrounding it. Understanding the neural mechanisms and tools for increasing tenacity and willpower can help us make the most out of our abilities. Whether willpower is truly limited or not, having a clear belief about tenacity and willpower can help us draw upon them repeatedly without them being depleted, especially when faced with multiple challenges.

    • The connection between our Autonomic nervous system and Tenacity and Willpower explained.Balancing our Autonomic nervous system through rest and calmness is essential for increasing Tenacity and Willpower.

      Our ability to engage Tenacity and Willpower depends on the balance of our Autonomic nervous system. The Autonomic nervous system has two components: the sympathetic and parasympathetic. The sympathetic aspect generates states of alertness and action, while the parasympathetic aspect is responsible for relaxation and inaction. These two components are in competition with each other, and their balance affects our level of Tenacity and Willpower. Factors like sleep deprivation, physical and emotional pain, and distractions can diminish our Tenacity and Willpower. On the other hand, when we are well-rested and in a state of calm, our ability to engage in challenging behaviors and resist default patterns is heightened. Therefore, taking care of our Autonomic Function is crucial for strengthening our Tenacity and Willpower.

    • Nurturing Autonomic Function for Resilience and DeterminationPrioritizing sleep and stress management is essential for enhancing Autonomic Function, which is crucial for cultivating Tenacity and Willpower. With adequate rest and effective stress modulation, our ability to engage these foundational modulators is significantly improved.

      Taking care of our foundational modulators of Tenacity and Willpower is crucial for consistent engagement. Our Autonomic Function, which includes the balance of our sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, plays a significant role in generating Tenacity and Willpower. However, quantifying Autonomic Function is not as simple as measuring heart rate or blood pressure. Despite the lack of a straightforward metric, it is essential to prioritize sleep and stress management to enhance Autonomic Function. By getting enough quality sleep and implementing stress modulation tools, we can significantly improve our ability to engage Tenacity and Willpower. These foundational modulators are key to achieving success, regardless of the tools and protocols we use.

    • The Limited Nature of WillpowerResisting difficult temptations depletes our willpower, making it harder to tackle subsequent challenging tasks. Understanding this limitation can help us better manage and conserve our neural energy.

      Willpower is a limited resource, as suggested by the study conducted by Bowmeister and colleagues. The experiment involved individuals resisting either radishes (relatively easy) or freshly baked cookies (more difficult) before attempting to solve an impossible puzzle. The results showed that those who had to resist the harder temptation of cookies persisted for a shorter duration in the challenging task compared to those who resisted radishes. This led to the conclusion that engaging willpower in one task diminishes the available resources for subsequent difficult tasks. While there may be individuals with seemingly unlimited willpower, most of us understand the constant effort required to push ourselves and resist temptations, which can deplete our neural energy.

    • The Power of Glucose: Enhancing Willpower and Mental PerformanceMaintaining stable glucose levels in the brain can improve willpower and mental capabilities, leading to enhanced performance in challenging tasks.

      Maintaining stable levels of glucose in the brain can help improve willpower and tenacity. Research has shown that when individuals are given a glucose beverage between challenging tasks that require willpower, their levels of willpower are consistently maintained or even increased. This suggests that glucose availability in the brain is a key factor in determining our ability to resist certain behaviors or engage in mentally demanding tasks. These findings have sparked excitement in the field of psychology and have led to the development of products and courses aimed at optimizing brain glucose levels for improved performance in various aspects of life. So, next time you're facing a difficult task, consider fueling your brain with glucose to enhance your willpower and mental capabilities.

    • Reevaluating the Notion of Willpower as a Limited ResourceThe idea of willpower as a limited resource may not be accurate, as research shows that glucose availability does not necessarily lead to increased willpower. Further studies are needed for a more comprehensive understanding.

      The interpretation of willpower as a limited resource is still up for debate. While Balmeister and colleagues found that glucose availability to the brain played a role in willpower, Dr. Carol Dweck and her colleagues conducted a study that challenged this notion. They replicated the experiment but provided some subjects with a glucose-rich drink and others with an artificially sweetened drink. The results showed that glucose availability did not necessarily lead to increased willpower. This suggests that the idea of willpower as a limited resource may not be as clear-cut as previously thought. Further research is needed to fully understand the intricacies of willpower and its relationship with glucose availability.

    • The Impact of Beliefs on Willpower and GlucoseOur beliefs about willpower and glucose can influence our performance. Whether we believe willpower is limited and dependent on glucose or not, there are tools available to enhance our willpower and tenacity.

      Our beliefs about willpower and glucose can determine their impact on our performance. If we believe that willpower is a limited resource and that glucose is the source of our willpower, ingesting glucose can improve our performance on challenging tasks requiring willpower. However, if we believe that willpower and tenacity are unlimited and not dependent on glucose, we can engage in multiple challenging tasks without any decrease in performance. This leaves us with the difficult task of deciding what to believe about willpower. The study by Dweck and colleagues suggests that our beliefs about willpower determine the impact of glucose on self-control. However, it is important to note that there are different perspectives and ongoing research in the field of willpower and self-control. Regardless of our beliefs, there are tools and protocols available to enhance our willpower and tenacity.

    • The Power of the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex (AMCC)The AMCC is a vital brain area that influences our tenacity and willpower, and it can be strengthened through specific actions and mindsets, allowing us to access these qualities in any situation.

      The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex (AMCC) is a crucial brain area that underlies Tenacity and Willpower. It is part of the Cingulate Cortex and resides in the frontal lobes of the brain. The AMCC is responsible for engaging the feeling of Tenacity and Willpower, regardless of the circumstances we face. What's reassuring is that everyone has this brain area, and it is highly subject to plasticity, meaning it can be enhanced and strengthened. Specific actions and mindsets can increase the activity and even the size of the AMCC, allowing us to tap into Tenacity and Willpower in any situation. The evidence supporting the role of the AMCC stems from numerous studies on humans, which have provided valuable insights into the importance of this brain region.

    • The Role of the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex in Tenacity and MotivationThe Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex is responsible for willpower and motivation, and disruptions in this brain area can lead to apathy and reduced tenacity. Understanding its functions is crucial for understanding psychological and physiological phenomena.

      The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex plays a crucial role in various aspects of our lives, such as tenacity, willpower, and motivation. Studies have shown that this brain area exhibits increased activity in challenging tasks compared to easier ones. Additionally, individuals with higher academic performance and successful dieters demonstrate elevated levels of activity in this region. On the other hand, those with disruptions or lesions in the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex experience increased apathy, depression, and reduced levels of tenacity and motivation. Moreover, people with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa show pathological changes in the activity of this brain area. Understanding the functions and dysfunctions of the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex can provide insights into various psychological and physiological phenomena.

    • The role of the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex in Tenacity and WillpowerThe Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex plays a significant role in our ability to exert willpower and maintain tenacity, functioning as a slider rather than a simple on-off switch. Understanding this brain area can help us navigate complex tasks and behaviors.

      The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex plays a crucial role in our ability to generate Tenacity and Willpower. This brain area is active in individuals with Anorexia Nervosa when they avoid food, and it is significantly larger in so-called "super Agers" who maintain youthful levels of cognition. Willpower can be expressed as either "I will" or "I absolutely won't," and this brain area governs both expressions. It functions more like a slider on a light switch, with different levels of intensity, rather than a simple on-off switch. Additionally, the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex needs information about the context in order to understand what is rewarding or non-rewarding in relation to our goals. Understanding the role of this brain area can help us better navigate complex tasks and behaviors that require Tenacity and Willpower.

    • The Significance of the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex in Tenacity and WillpowerThe Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex is connected to various bodily functions and brain areas, making it important in understanding conditions like depression, anxiety, and high performance.

      The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex (AMCC) plays a crucial role in Tenacity and Willpower. Through various studies, it has been discovered that the AMCC is connected to different brain areas and bodily functions. It receives input and sends output to autonomic centers controlling cardiovascular function and respiration, as well as the immune and endocrine systems. Moreover, it is linked to premotor centers, reward pathways, and dopamine release. This communication between the AMCC and other brain areas provides a logical basis for understanding conditions like depression, anxiety, and high performance. Dr. Lisa Feldman Barrett's work emphasizes the significance of the AMCC in Tenacity and motivation. Overall, the AMCC serves as a major seat for Tenacity and Willpower.

    • The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex: A Key Hub for Tenacity and Willpower.Stimulating the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex generates a sense of urgency and resistance, emphasizing its role in generating feelings of tenacity and willpower, supporting the concept of willpower as a limited resource.

      The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex plays a crucial role in generating feelings of tenacity and willpower. Stimulating this brain area in human subjects resulted in a sensation that something was about to happen, creating a sense of pressure and urgency to resist and push back. Control experiments confirmed that it was specifically the stimulation of the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex that caused these sensations. This highlights the importance of this brain region as a hub that receives information from various areas and generates a sense of forward momentum and resistance. The findings align with previous research on neural activity patterns and brain volume changes in the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex. The activation of this area requires the marshaling of resources, which supports the idea of willpower as a limited resource.

    • The Controlling Power of the Anterior Mid Cingulate CortexOur tenacity and willpower are regulated by the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex, which determines how much resources to allocate based on our goals and challenges, and activates when facing resistance.

      The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex plays a crucial role in controlling our tenacity and willpower. This brain structure has the ability to allocate resources to different functions based on our motivational goals and the challenges we face. It acts as a dial, deciding how much energy specific brain and body parts should consume. Even individuals with seemingly endless tenacity and willpower need to strategize and switch between different behaviors. The Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex also receives input from both the brain and body, and interestingly, it is activated more strongly when we experience resistance that we have to overcome. Understanding the role of this brain structure can help us better comprehend our own motivation and perseverance.

    • Building Tenacity and Willpower through Challenging Tasks and ExerciseEngaging in challenging tasks and consistent aerobic exercise can strengthen our tenacity and willpower, leading to improved performance in various aspects of life.

      Engaging in challenging tasks can elevate activity in the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex (AMCC), which is associated with tenacity and willpower. The AMCC is not just a passive hub but can be activated through behaviors we would rather avoid or resist. By building up the AMCC through specific actions, we can enhance our capacity for tenacity and willpower, which carries over into other areas of life. This is exciting because it suggests a generic mechanism for generating tenacity and willpower that can be applied in various circumstances. Furthermore, research shows that aerobic exercise can increase brain volume and improve AMCC functioning. So, incorporating consistent cardiovascular training into our routine can be an effective way to enhance our tenacity and willpower.

    • The impact of cardiovascular exercise on brain volume and communication pathways.Regular moderate-intensity cardiovascular exercise can increase brain volume in the Anterior Mid-Cingulate Cortex and improve communication between different brain areas, enhancing tenacity and willpower.

      Engaging in moderate-intensity cardiovascular training for three hours per week can maintain and even increase the volume of the Anterior Mid-Cingulate Cortex in the brain. This study found that individuals who participated in cardiovascular exercise at about 75% of their maximum heart rate experienced these positive effects. Additionally, they also observed maintenance or growth in the size of the Anterior white matter tracks, which facilitate communication between different brain areas. The researchers believe that the resources required to engage in regular exercise, such as allocating time and prioritizing physical activity, contribute to these brain changes. This finding is significant because the Anterior Mid-Cingulate Cortex plays a role in generating Tenacity and Willpower, making this exercise protocol a valuable tool for enhancing these abilities.

    • The Power of Physical Exercise in Building Tenacity and WillpowerTo enhance tenacity and willpower, engage in physical exercises that challenge and push you out of your comfort zone, aiming for 150 to 200 minutes of low-intensity cardiovascular exercise per week.

      Engaging in some form of physical exercise, especially if it is something you are not already doing, can greatly contribute to building tenacity and willpower. The study discussed by Andrew Huberman suggests that everyone should aim to get around 150 to 200 minutes of low-intensity cardiovascular exercise per week. However, it is crucial to note that simply continuing to do what you are already doing may not further enhance your tenacity and willpower. For significant improvements, you need to add something that challenges you and pushes you out of your comfort zone. This principle can also be applied to other endeavors, such as learning a new instrument or language. The key is to engage in activities that require resistance and effort.

    • Embracing Challenges for Growth and ResilienceEngaging in challenging tasks outside of our comfort zones activates the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex, enhancing cognitive function, increasing muscle strength, and cultivating tenacity and willpower.

      Engaging in challenging and hard tasks activates the Anterior Mid Cingulate Cortex, which is associated with tenacity and willpower. Easy tasks and reflexive habits do not have the same effect. Whether it's physical or cognitive challenges, pushing ourselves outside of our comfort zones is crucial. This could include activities like learning new skills, resistance training, or even delaying gratification in our daily routines. These "micro sucks" can be small yet significant tasks that require effort and resistance. However, it's important to choose activities that are safe and not psychologically or physically damaging. By incorporating these challenges regularly, we can enhance our cognitive function, increase muscle strength, and cultivate tenacity and willpower in various aspects of our lives.

    • Building Tenacity and Willpower: A Balanced Approach to Personal Growth.Cultivating tenacity and willpower through small challenges and continuous growth can enhance cognitive function and lead to a fulfilling life.

      Building up tenacity and willpower can have a positive impact on our lives. It doesn't require a deep understanding of the underlying neuroscience to see the logic behind this concept. By challenging ourselves to resist certain behaviors or engage in activities we may not initially want to do, we can strengthen our ability to persevere and stay focused. However, it's important to be mindful of the potential hazards and not let this pursuit of tenacity and willpower become unhealthy. We should seek a balanced relationship with life and goals, harnessing our inner fight when needed, but also knowing when to turn it off. Engaging in small "micro sucks" like cold exposure or physical exercises can be helpful in this journey. Moreover, endeavors that have no end point, where there's no winning or finish line, can provide valuable opportunities for continuously building our tenacity and willpower. Ultimately, by cultivating these qualities, we can strive to maintain cognitive function and lead fulfilling lives.

    • Building tenacity and willpower for a stronger mindsetEngaging in challenging activities and trying new things can improve cognitive function and longevity by activating the brain's Anterior, Mid, Cingulate Cortex and boosting tenacity and willpower.

      Engaging in challenging activities and continuously seeking new environments can improve longevity and cognitive function. The concept of "super Agers" who live longer and maintain cognitive abilities similar to younger individuals is linked to their drive to learn and try new things. This is associated with the Anterior, Mid, Cingulate Cortex in the brain, which helps allocate resources to meet motivational goals and is possibly connected to the "Will to Live." Beliefs and mindset also impact our physiology, and there are brain circuits related to tenacity and willpower. By triggering the activation of the Anterior, Mid, Cingulate Cortex, we can increase our capacity for tenacity and willpower. This can be achieved by resisting certain behaviors and engaging in others that require effort. Overall, we have the ability to build up our tenacity and willpower for a stronger and more resilient mindset.

    • The Power of Rewarding Ourselves to Handle StressRewarding ourselves for successfully navigating stressful situations can strengthen our resilience and prepare us to better handle future challenges. However, it's important to choose healthy challenges and occasional rewards, while also taking care of our basic needs.

      When we are able to withstand stress and overcome challenges, the relief and sense of reward we feel afterwards serves to reinforce our tenacity and willpower. This study suggests that rewarding ourselves for successfully getting through stressful situations can actually increase our capacity to handle future stress. It is important to choose challenges that are healthy and safe, and occasional rewards should be subjective and something that we enjoy. However, it is not recommended to reward ourselves for wins or acts of tenacity and willpower on a regular basis. Taking care of our autonomic functions, such as getting enough sleep, nutrition, and social connections, is crucial for maintaining and enhancing our tenacity and willpower. Overall, building up our anterior mid cingulate cortex through overcoming challenges and rewarding ourselves can improve our ability to handle stress and obstacles in the future.

    • The Benefits of Developing Tenacity and Willpower for the BrainEngaging in challenging activities and resisting temptations can improve brain function and potentially prolong life. Prioritizing safety, individuals can enhance their tenacity and willpower for a better quality of life.

      Engaging in activities that require tenacity and willpower can have a positive impact on our brains, keeping them younger or even making them younger. This effect is not observed in individuals who don't challenge themselves in this way. These findings can be applied to various areas like cognitive learning, language learning, math learning, art learning, and even physical exercise. By pushing ourselves to do things we don't want to do or resisting things we want to do, we activate our anterior mid cingulate cortex and strengthen our tenacity and willpower. However, it's important to prioritize psychological and physical safety while practicing this. Ultimately, it's up to each individual to decide where and how often to build up their tenacity and willpower, benefiting their overall quality of life and potentially extending their lifespan through the will to live.

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    In this episode, I discuss skin health appearance and why both are important indicators of the health status of your immune system, gut microbiome, and other organ systems. I explain why sunlight is essential for skin and hormone health and how excessive sunlight can accelerate skin aging and cause certain skin cancers. I discuss the different types of sunscreens (physical, chemical, and mineral-based) and potential health concerns of the chemicals found in some (but not all) sunscreens. I also discuss the importance of getting your skin (and not just moles) checked for pre-cancerous and cancer growths, the role of nutrition and lifestyle factors that improve skin health and appearance, and how to improve your skin by reducing local and systemic inflammation and supporting your microbiome.  I explain what works to improve your skin's youthfulness and appearance, including reducing wrinkles, sagging, and pore size. I review the data on ingesting (or topically applied) collagen, vitamin C, niacinamide, hyaluronic acid, and retinol, and what is known about the use of peptides (e.g., BPC-157, copper peptides) and red and far-red light phototherapies for improving skin health and appearance. I also discuss the causes of acne, rosacea, and psoriasis and explain nutritional, skin care, and prescription-based approaches to treating these common skin conditions. This episode ought to help everyone better understand the biology of the skin and help them make the best possible decisions for their skin health, care, and appearance according to age, goals, and current skin conditions. Access the full show notes, including referenced articles, books, people mentioned, and additional resources at hubermanlab.com. Andrew's New Book Protocols: An Operating Manual for the Human Body: https://protocolsbook.com Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Joovv: https://joovv.com/huberman BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/huberman  ROKA: https://roka.com/huberman  LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman  Timestamps 00:00:00 Skin Health 00:02:59 Sponsors: Joovv, BetterHelp & ROKA  00:07:18 Skin Biology, Skin Layers 00:12:40 Sun Exposure, UV Light & Skin Cancers; Sunscreen 00:19:51 Aging, Sun Exposure, Skin Cancers, Physical Barriers 00:27:24 Sunburn & Skin Cancers 00:30:09 Sponsor: AG1 00:31:58 Vitamin D, Sun Exposure & Sunscreen 00:36:50 Organic (Chemical) Sunscreen & Inorganic (Mineral-Based) Sunscreen 00:49:20 Skin Cancers, Moles, Laser Resurfacing 00:53:59 Sponsor: LMNT 00:55:34 Sun Exposure, Melanoma & Life Expectancy 01:03:13 Tool: Youthful Skin, Collagen & Vitamin C 01:12:55 Peptides, BPC-157, Copper 01:20:58 Tool: Niacinamide (Nicotinamide), Youthful Skin, Dark Spots, Hyaluronic Acid 01:26:25 Tool: Retinol (Retin-A, Tretinoin, Retinyl Esters), Youthful Skin 01:33:07 Tool: Phototherapy, Youthful Skin, Treating Skin Conditions 01:41:10 Tool: Nutrition for Skin Health, Anti-Inflammatory Diets 01:47:54 Highly Processed Foods, Advanced Glycation End Products & Skin Health 01:52:08 Tools: Reduce Inflammation: Gut Microbiome, Sleep, Alcohol, Smoking, Stress 01:58:58 Acne, Hormones & Insulin; Tool: Low Glycemic Diet, Dairy 02:07:26 Tools: Face Cleansing & Acne; Scarring & Popping Pimples 02:13:29 Tool: Treating Rosacea, Alcohol, Skin Care, Nutrition 02:18:31 Stubborn Rosacea, Over Cleansing, Pulsed Dye Laser 02:21:04 Psoriasis Treatment, Immune System & Prescriptions 02:25:24 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJuly 01, 2024

    Dr. Gabrielle Lyon: How to Exercise & Eat for Optimal Health & Longevity

    Dr. Gabrielle Lyon: How to Exercise & Eat for Optimal Health & Longevity
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Gabrielle Lyon, D.O., a board-certified physician who did her clinical and research training at Washington University in geriatrics and nutrition. She is also an expert in how diet and exercise impact muscle and whole-body health and longevity. Dr. Lyon is a bestselling author and public educator. We discuss how healthy skeletal muscle promotes longevity, brain health, disease prevention, ideal body composition, and the health of other organs and bodily systems. She makes specific nutritional recommendations for optimal health: what to eat, how much to eat, the timing of meals, the essential need for adequate quality protein (including animal and plant-based options), supplementation, and how our dietary requirements change with age. She explains why specific types of resistance training are essential to build and maintain muscle and overall metabolic health. She also describes how to include resistance training as part of your exercise regimen — regardless of age or sex.  She also provides specific mindset tools to encourage sustained adherence to healthy eating and exercise practices. Women and men of all ages will benefit from Dr. Lyon’s practical, evidence-based protocols to improve muscle and whole-body appearance, function, and health. Access the full show notes, including referenced articles, books, people mentioned, and additional resources at hubermanlab.com. Andrew's New Book Protocols: An Operating Manual for the Human Body: https://protocolsbook.com Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Maui Nui Venison: https://mauinuivenison.com/huberman  Levels: https://levels.link/huberman  Helix Sleep: https://helixsleep.com/huberman InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/huberman  Timestamps 00:00:00 Protocols Book; Dr. Gabrielle Lyon 00:03:23 Sponsors: Maui Nui, Levels & Helix Sleep 00:07:40 Skeletal Muscle & Longevity 00:11:25 “Under-muscled”, Leucine & Muscle Health 00:15:55 Muscle Health 00:19:45 Tool: Carbohydrate Consumption & Activity, Glycogen 00:25:14 Tools: Nutrition for Healthy Skeletal Muscle, First Meal 00:31:57 Sponsor: AG1 00:33:46 Quality Protein, Animal & Plant-Based Proteins 00:37:36 Dietary Protein Recommendations, Meal Threshold 00:41:19 Muscle Health & Aging 00:46:02 Supplements & Creatine; Dietary Protein 00:50:07 Tool: Dietary Protein Recommendation; Gout & Cancer Risk 00:52:43 Effects of Dietary Protein & Exercise on Body Composition 01:03:06 Thermic Effects, Protein  01:05:02 Sponsor: InsideTracker 01:06:14 Protein & Satiety, Insulin & Glucose 01:12:04 Tool: Older Adults, Resistance Training & Dietary Protein 01:17:48 Dietary Protein, mTOR & Cancer Risk 01:21:36 Muscle Span & Aging, Sedentary Behaviors 01:24:00 Mixed Meals, Protein Quality, Fiber 01:29:21 Inactivity & Insulin Resistance, Inflammation 01:38:43 Exercise & Myokines, Brain Health & BDNF 01:44:11 Tool: Resistance Training Protocols, Hypertrophy, “High Ground” 01:52:51 High Ground Exercises; Tendon Strength; Training Duration, Blue Zones 01:58:19 Movement, Exercise & Older Adults 02:04:25 Tool: Protein Timing & Resistance Training; VO2 Max, Aging, Blood Work 02:11:13 Supplements: Creatine, Urolithin A, Whey Protein, Fish Oil, Collagen 02:20:18 Fasting, Older Adults; Tool: Meal Timing 02:25:18 Animal Proteins & Dairy; Organ Meats, Vegan; Magnesium, Zinc 02:30:59 Medications & Muscle Health 02:32:49 Obesity & GLP-1 Analogs, Ozempic, Mounjaro, Skeletal Muscle 02:40:48 Benefits of Skeletal Muscle & Aging 02:42:16 Tools: Nutrition & Resistance Training for Muscle Health 02:45:44 Mindset Tools: Standards vs. Goals; Vulnerability Points 02:52:00 Mindset Tools: Neutrality; Health & Worth 03:01:14 Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter, Protocols Book Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJune 24, 2024

    Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin: Why Muscle Matters & How to Build It

    Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin: Why Muscle Matters & How to Build It
    I'm honored to share Episode 2 of the first season of Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin. Dr. Andy Galpin is a tenured full professor at California State University, Fullerton, where he co-directs the Center for Sport Performance and leads the Biochemistry and Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory. Andy is both a friend and a colleague, and I'm delighted to have assisted in the creation of this podcast. I'm certain you'll both enjoy and learn from it. Season 1 features 10 episodes, airing every Wednesday for 10 weeks. Dr. Galpin will cover everything from building strength, the importance of strength for long-term health, the science of breathing, the benefits of sleep extension, genetic testing for personalized training, and nutrition for injury recovery. While we have Episode 2 of Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin here, please be sure to subscribe and follow Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin on your preferred platform. Show notes for this episode can be found at performpodcast.com. Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction from Dr. Andrew Huberman 00:01:06 Skeletal Muscle 00:04:06 Sponsors: Absolute Rest & Momentous 00:07:20 Quantity & Quality; Organ System; Health & Performance 00:12:58 Plasticity, “Look Good, Feel Good, Play Good”; Muscle Types 00:15:46 What is Muscle?, Muscle Fibers, Tendon 00:21:37 Muscle Fiber Number, Hyperplasia, Anabolic Steroids, Age 00:24:03 Myonuclei & Adaptability 00:26:27 Muscle Fiber Types, Variable Muscle Functions 00:32:24 Fiber Type & Lifestyle Factors 00:34:54 Sponsors: David Protein & AG1 00:37:37 Age & Muscle Loss, Slow vs. Fast-Twitch Fibers; Motor Units 00:46:36 Muscle Size vs. Muscle Strength, Quantity vs. Quality 00:50:56 Investigate: Muscle Quantity, Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI) 00:56:21 FFMI, Elite Athletes, Muscle Mass 01:00:59 Muscle Asymmetry; Too Much Muscle Possible? 01:03:49 Interpret: Muscle Mass, FFMI Calculations & Percentiles 01:09:28 Tool: Intervene - Increase Muscle Mass, 72-Hour Rule 01:15:27 Sponsors: Maui Nui & Renaissance Periodization 01:17:51 Investigate: Muscle Quality & 4 Movement Principles 01:23:34 Muscle Quality & 3 Performance Principles  01:26:42 Interpret: Muscle Speed, Age 01:32:45 Muscle Power, Vertical Jump, Broad Jump 01:36:17 Muscle Strength, Powerlifting Elite, Bench Press, Leg Press, Grip Strength 01:44:05 Increasing Strength, Improve Health & Longevity 01:46:44 Tool: Intervene - Improve Muscle Quality, 4 Training Principles, 3-to-5 Rule 01:53:56 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Subscribe & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Social Media 01:56:10 Conclusion from Dr. Andrew Huberman Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJune 19, 2024

    Dr. Zachary Knight: The Science of Hunger & Medications to Combat Obesity

    Dr. Zachary Knight: The Science of Hunger & Medications to Combat Obesity
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Zachary Knight, Ph.D., a professor of physiology at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator. We discuss how the brain controls our sense of hunger, satiety, and thirst. He explains how dopamine levels impact our cravings and eating behavior (amount, food choices, etc) and how we develop and can change our food preferences and adjust how much we need to eat to feel satisfied. We discuss factors that have led to the recent rise in obesity, such as interactions between our genes and the environment and the role of processed foods and food combinations. We also discuss the new class of medications developed for the treatment of obesity and diabetes, including the GLP-1 agonists semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro). We discuss how these medications work to promote weight loss, the source of their side effects, and the newer compounds soon to overcome some of those side effects, such as muscle loss. Dr. Knight provides an exceptionally clear explanation for our sense of hunger, thirst, and food cravings that translates to practical knowledge to help listeners better understand their relationship to food, food choices, and meal size to improve their diet and overall health. For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman  BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Zachary Knight 00:02:38 Sponsors: BetterHelp, Helix Sleep & Waking Up 00:07:07 Hunger & Timescales 00:11:28 Body Fat, Leptin, Hunger 00:17:51 Leptin Resistance & Obesity 00:20:52 Hunger, Food Foraging & Feeding Behaviors, AgRP Neurons 00:30:26 Sponsor: AG1 00:32:15 Body Weight & Obesity, Genes & POMC Neurons 00:39:54 Obesity, Genetics & Environmental Factors 00:46:05 Whole Foods, Ultra-Processed Foods & Palatability 00:49:32 Increasing Whole Food Consumption, Sensory Specific Satiety & Learning 00:58:55 Calories vs. Macronutrients, Protein & Salt 01:02:23 Sponsor: LMNT 01:03:58 Challenges of Weight Loss: Hunger & Energy Expenditure 01:09:50 GLP-1 Drug Development, Semaglutide, Ozempic, Wegovy 01:19:03 GLP-1 Drugs: Muscle Loss, Appetite Reduction, Nausea 01:23:24 Pharmacologic & Physiologic Effects; GLP-1 Drugs, Additional Positive Effects 01:30:14 GLP-1-Plus Development, Tirzepatide, Mounjaro, AMG 133 01:34:49 Alpha-MSH & Pharmacology 01:40:41 Dopamine, Eating & Context 01:46:01 Dopamine & Learning, Water Content & Food 01:53:23 Salt, Water & Thirst 02:03:27 Hunger vs. Thirst 02:05:46 Dieting, Nutrition & Mindset 02:09:39 Tools: Improving Diet & Limiting Food Intake 02:14:15 Anti-Obesity Drug Development 02:17:03 Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJune 17, 2024

    Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin: How & Why to Strengthen Your Heart & Cardiovascular Fitness

    Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin: How & Why to Strengthen Your Heart & Cardiovascular Fitness
    I'm honored to share the first episode of the new podcast, Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin. Dr. Andy Galpin is a tenured full professor at California State University, Fullerton, where he co-directs the Center for Sport Performance and leads the Biochemistry and Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory. Andy is both a friend and a colleague, and I’m delighted to have assisted in the creation of this podcast. I'm certain you'll both enjoy and learn from it. Season 1 features 10 episodes, airing every Wednesday for 10 weeks. Dr. Galpin will cover everything from building strength, the importance of strength for long-term health, the science of breathing, the benefits of sleep extension, genetic testing for personalized training, and nutrition for injury recovery. While we have Episode 1 of Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin here, please be sure to subscribe and follow Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin on your preferred platform. Show notes for this episode can be found at performpodcast.com. Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction from Dr. Andrew Huberman 00:01:07 Heart 00:03:55 Sponsors: Vitality Blueprint & Rhone 00:07:27 Muscle Types 00:09:54 VO2 max, Health & Mortality 00:15:49 Overall Health, Cardiorespiratory Fitness & All-Cause Mortality 00:25:23 Sponsor: AG1 00:26:54 Disease, Health & Mortality 00:30:02 Cardiac Muscle & Heart 00:38:29 Cardiac Muscle vs. Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac Advantages 00:43:53 Pacemakers & Heart Rate, Vagus Nerve 00:50:35 Why Doesn’t the Heart Get Sore? 00:54:32 Heart & Exercise, Stroke Volume, Ejection Fraction, Cardiac Output 00:59:21 Heart Rate Variability 01:02:41 Sponsors: Momentous & LMNT 01:06:54 Why Do You Breathe?: Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide & Respiratory Rate 01:13:37 Respiratory Rate & Stress 01:15:08 Tool: The “Three I’s”, Investigate: Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, VO2 Max 01:19:53 Tool: Interpretation, Resting Heart Rate & Ranges 01:23:16 Tool: Interpretation: VO2 Max & Ranges 01:30:45 Athletes & Highest VO2 Max Scores 01:35:53 Elite Athletes & Context for VO2 Max Scores 01:41:42 Tool: Intervention, VO2 Max, Varying Exercise Intensities, SAID Principle 01:48:20 Tool: Varying Exercise Intensity; Intervals & Continuous Training; Frequency 01:58:18 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Subscribe & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Social Media 01:59:55 Conclusion from Dr. Andrew Huberman Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJune 12, 2024

    Dr. Jonathan Haidt: How Smartphones & Social Media Impact Mental Health & the Realistic Solutions

    Dr. Jonathan Haidt: How Smartphones & Social Media Impact Mental Health & the Realistic Solutions
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Jonathan Haidt, Ph.D., professor of social psychology at New York University and bestselling author on how technology and culture impact the psychology and health of kids, teens, and adults. We discuss the dramatic rise of suicide, depression, and anxiety as a result of replacing a play-based childhood with smartphones, social media, and video games. He explains how a screen-filled childhood leads to challenges in psychological development that negatively impact learning, resilience, identity, cooperation, and conflict resolution — all of which are crucial skills for future adult relationships and career success. We also discuss how phones and social media impact boys and girls differently and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of how smartphones alter basic brain plasticity and function.  Dr. Haidt explains his four recommendations for healthier smartphone use in kids, and we discuss how to restore childhood independence and play in the current generation.  This is an important topic for everyone, young or old, parents and teachers, students and families, to be aware of in order to understand the potential mental health toll of smartphone use and to apply tools to foster skill-building and reestablish healthy norms for our kids. For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman  Helix Sleep: https://helixsleep.com/huberman AeroPress: https://aeropress.com/huberman Joovv: https://joovv.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Jonathan Haidt 00:02:01 Sponsors: Helix Sleep, AeroPress & Joovv 00:06:23 Great Rewiring of Childhood: Technology, Smartphones & Social Media 00:12:48 Mental Health Trends: Boys, Girls & Smartphones 00:16:26 Smartphone Usage, Play-Based to Phone-Based Childhood 00:20:40 The Tragedy of Losing Play-Based Childhood 00:28:13 Sponsor: AG1 00:30:02 Girls vs. Boys, Interests & Trapping Kids 00:37:31 “Effectance,” Systems & Relationships, Animals 00:41:47 Boys Sexual Development, Dopamine Reinforcement & Pornography 00:49:19 Boys, Courtship, Chivalry & Technology; Gen Z Development 00:55:24 Play & Low-Stakes Mistakes, Video Games & Social Media, Conflict Resolution 00:59:48 Sponsor: LMNT 01:01:23 Social Media, Trolls, Performance 01:06:47 Dynamic Subordination, Hierarchy, Boys 01:10:15 Girls & Perfectionism, Social Media & Performance 01:14:00 Phone-Based Childhood & Brain Development, Critical Periods 01:21:15 Puberty & Sensitive Periods, Culture & Identity 01:23:55 Brain Development & Puberty; Identity; Social Media, Learning & Reward 01:33:37 Tool: 4 Recommendations for Smartphone Use in Kids 01:41:48 Changing Childhood Norms, Policies & Legislature 01:49:13 Summer Camp, Team Sports, Religion, Music 01:54:36 Boredom, Addiction & Smartphones; Tool: “Awe Walks” 02:03:14 Casino Analogy & Ceding Childhood; Social Media Content 02:09:33 Adult Behavior; Tool: Meals & Phones 02:11:45 Regaining Childhood Independence; Tool: Family Groups & Phones 02:16:09 Screens & Future Optimism, Collective Action, KOSA Bill 02:24:52 Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJune 10, 2024

    LIVE EVENT Q&A: Dr. Andrew Huberman at the Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre

    LIVE EVENT Q&A: Dr. Andrew Huberman at the Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre
    Recently I had the pleasure of hosting a live event in Brisbane, Australia. This event was part of a lecture series called The Brain Body Contract. My favorite part of the evening was the question and answer period, where I had the opportunity to answer questions from the attendees of each event. Included here is the Q&A from our event at the Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre. Sign up to get notified about future events: https://www.hubermanlab.com/events Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman Resources Mentioned Huberman Lab Non-Sleep Deep Rest Protocols Huberman Lab Guest Series with Dr. Matt Walker Huberman Lab Guest Series with Dr. Paul Conti Huberman Lab Guest Series with Dr. Andy Galpin Dr. Becky Kennedy: Protocols for Excellent Parenting & Improving Relationships of All Kinds Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin Timestamps 00:00 Introduction 00:31 Sponsors: AG1 & Eight Sleep 03:48 Nicotine Discussion 07:42 ADHD Management: Tools & Medications 12:43 Sleep Deprivation & Recovery 18:54 Understanding & Addressing Burnout 22:12 Daily Nutrition & Eating Habits 24:40 Understanding Food & Neural Pathways 26:21 The Benefits of Elimination Diets 27:21 Intermittent Fasting & Personal Diet Choices 28:23 Top Health & Fitness Recommendations 30:50 The Value of Non-Sleep Deep Rest (NSDR) 33:08 Testosterone Replacement Therapy Insights 38:02 Breathing Techniques for Stress & Focus 41:46 Morning Sunlight & Circadian Rhythms 43:18 Parenting Tips for a Healthy Start 49:03 Final Thoughts & Gratitude Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJune 07, 2024

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    Subscribe to the podcast
    If you would like to get automatic updates of new podcast episodes, you can subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Stitcher. You can also subscribe in your favorite podcast app.

    Leave us an Apple Podcasts review
    Ratings and reviews from our listeners are extremely valuable to us and greatly appreciated. They help our podcast rank higher, which exposes our show to more awesome listeners like you.

    If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts.

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    Do you have some feedback or questions about this episode? Leave a comment in the section below!

    Subscribe to the podcast
    If you would like to get automatic updates of new podcast episodes, you can subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Stitcher. You can also subscribe in your favorite podcast app.

    Leave us an Apple Podcasts review
    Ratings and reviews from our listeners are extremely valuable to us and greatly appreciated. They help our podcast rank higher, which exposes our show to more awesome listeners like you.

    If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts.

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    Thanks for listening!
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    Do you have some feedback or questions about this episode? Leave a comment in the section below!

    Subscribe to the podcast
    If you would like to get automatic updates of new podcast episodes, you can subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Stitcher. You can also subscribe in your favorite podcast app.

    Leave us an Apple Podcasts review
    Ratings and reviews from our listeners are extremely valuable to us and greatly appreciated. They help our podcast rank higher, which exposes our show to more awesome listeners like you.

    If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts.