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    How Netflix builds a culture of excellence | Elizabeth Stone (CTO)

    Netflix's culture fosters individual idea contribution, transparency, and candor, driving innovation and improvement

    enFebruary 22, 2024

    About this Episode

    Elizabeth Stone is the chief technology officer of Netflix. She previously served as vice president of product data science and engineering, and as vice president of data and insights, at Netflix. Before Netflix, Elizabeth was vice president of science at Lyft, chief operating officer at Nuna, a trader at Merrill Lynch, and an economist at Analysis Group. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Elizabeth’s advice for career advancement

    • Netflix’s unique high-performance culture

    • How, and why, Netflix maintains a high bar for excellence

    • Intentional leadership practices

    • How to foster an “open door” culture within your team

    • The Keeper Test and how it contributes to maintaining a high bar for excellence

    • The power of transparent communication

    • Much more

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/how-netflix-builds-a-culture-of-excellence-elizabeth-stone-cto/

    Where to find Elizabeth Stone:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/elizabeth-stone-608a754/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Elizabeth’s background

    (04:36) Life as CTO vs. VP of Data

    (05:57) The role of economists in tech companies

    (08:32) Using economics to understand incentives

    (10:07) Success and career growth

    (20:15) Setting expectations

    (25:02) Advice for how to avoid burnout

    (27:44) Netflix culture: high talent density

    (30:31) Netflix culture: candor and directness

    (31:45) The Keeper Test

    (39:01) Maintaining a high bar for excellence

    (43:54) Netflix culture: freedom and responsibility

    (46:18) Unconventional processes at Netflix

    (47:55) Examples of candor

    (51:44) Data and insights team structure

    (01:00:12) Staying close to teams

    (01:02:31) Advice on being present

    (01:07:40) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • What to Know About the Netflix Cup, Today’s First-Ever Live Sports Event: https://www.netflix.com/tudum/articles/netflix-cup-live-event-date-news

    • Ann Miura Ko interview | The Tim Ferriss Show (Podcast): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h2GO0Ks_VGg

    • Netflix culture: https://jobs.netflix.com/culture

    No Rules Rules: Netflix and the Culture of Reinvention: https://www.amazon.com/No-Rules-Netflix-Culture-Reinvention/dp/1984877860

    • Reed Hastings on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/reedhastings/

    • Netflix’s “Keeper Test” and Why You Need It | Lorne Rubis: https://www.highlights.lornerubis.com/2015/08/the-netflix-keeper-test-and-the-courage-to-take-it/

    The Hunger Games: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hunger_Games

    • Nan Yu on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/thenanyu/

    • Work Life Philosophy: https://jobs.netflix.com/work-life-philosophy

    • The Scoop: Netflix’s historic introduction of levels for software engineers: https://blog.pragmaticengineer.com/netflix-levels/

    • Chaos Monkey: https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/Chaos-Monkey

    • Ali Rauh on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ali-rauh/

    • Keith Henwood on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/keith-henwood/

    • Jeff Bezos’ Morning Routine of Puttering Around—How It Works: https://medium.com/illumination/jeff-bezos-morning-routine-of-puttering-around-how-it-works-9d73f359ac8d

    What I Talk About When I Talk About Running: A Memoir: https://www.amazon.com/What-Talk-About-When-Running/dp/0307389839

    A Fine Balance: https://www.amazon.com/Fine-Balance-Rohinton-Mistry/dp/140003065X

    Triangle of Sadness on Hulu: https://www.hulu.com/movie/triangle-of-sadness-f60937bd-45f4-469a-938f-db95026953a1

    Beef on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/81447461

    • Fellow pour-over coffee set: https://fellowproducts.com/products/stagg-xf-pour-over-set

    • Peloton bikes: https://www.onepeloton.com/shop/bike

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    🔑 Key Takeaways

    • Netflix values talent density and high standards to foster a culture of candor, learning, seeking excellence, freedom, and responsibility.
    • An economist's background in data analysis and understanding of incentives benefits tech companies by providing a rational and analytical approach to complex business issues.
    • Dedicate yourself to your work and teams, learn to translate technical to non-technical language, observe and learn from others, and focus on setting others up for success to excel in your career.
    • Strive for excellence, commit to the team and the work, and continuously improve to achieve success.
    • Setting high expectations, clear communication, and consistent feedback are crucial for personal and professional growth. Strive for excellence to learn and develop.
    • Deliver thoughtful feedback privately, set expectations ahead of time, aim for desired outcome, strike balance between effort and burnout, and focus on essential aspects of work.
    • Netflix values high talent density, giving constructive feedback, and making tough decisions to maintain a focus on excellence and improvement
    • Netflix prioritizes ongoing, direct feedback over formal performance reviews to reduce stress, foster open communication, and promote continuous improvement.
    • Netflix's culture of regular performance conversations reduces stress and allows for constructive feedback. Attract and retain top talent by offering competitive compensation and seeking additive skills and perspectives.
    • Netflix prioritizes hiring individuals who bring new ideas and challenge the team to maintain excellence, but it requires a high talent density and trust in team members' judgment and responsibility.
    • Netflix's culture fosters individual idea contribution, transparency, and candor, driving innovation and improvement
    • Netflix's success is rooted in transparency, experimentation, and a data-driven culture. Intentional experimentation helps build resilience and learn from mistakes, while a centralized, functionally diverse data team drives cross-pollination of ideas and objective insights.
    • Netflix's Consumer Insights team effectively tackles complex problems through a unique collaboration of user research and data science expertise, leading to increased credibility and effective problem-solving.
    • Prioritize one-on-one conversations, be present, and invest in relationships for valuable friendships and opportunities
    • Leaders like Jeff Bezos prioritize uninterrupted thinking time for personal growth and effective decision making. Self-reflection practices, such as reading insightful books and morning routines, can help prioritize and bring new ideas to the table.
    • Reflecting on small joys and mental fortitude can lead to personal growth, even during challenging times. Share these lessons to inspire others.

    📝 Podcast Summary

    The Importance of Talent Density in Building a Successful Company Culture

    Having a high talent density is crucial for building a company culture that values candor, learning, seeking excellence, freedom, and responsibility. Elizabeth Stone, CTO of Netflix and the first economist to hold this role at a Fortune 500 company, emphasized this point in our conversation. She explained that when Netflix was founded, Reed Hastings envisioned a different approach to building a company where people could thrive and find fulfillment. To achieve this, Netflix holds itself to high standards and values the importance of talent density, which has been deeply ingrained in the company since its early days. Elizabeth shared her experiences rising through the ranks of various companies and how her economics background has helped her succeed. She also discussed Netflix's unique culture, including their radical candor, freedom and responsibility, and their approach to data and user research. Additionally, she shared insights from her experiences with biking and triathlons and how they relate to her work. Overall, Elizabeth's insights offer valuable insights into the importance of talent density and the role it plays in building a successful and fulfilling company culture.

    Economist CTO brings unique perspective to tech company

    The unusual background of an economist leading as a CTO in a tech company, although rare, can bring valuable perspectives and skills to the table. Economics, being a flavor of data science, provides a unique way of framing problems and solving challenges. This background can be particularly beneficial in understanding incentives, clarifying priorities, and anticipating unintended consequences, both internally and externally. The presence of economists on tech teams is becoming more common, and their ability to bring a rational and analytical approach to complex business issues can lead to better decision-making and problem-solving.

    Key to professional success: Dedication, hard work, and teamwork

    Dedication, hard work, and a team-oriented mindset are key to professional success. The speaker, who has had a rapid career progression at multiple companies, attributes her achievements to her deep commitment to her work and her teams, her ability to translate technical to non-technical language, and her skill in observing and learning from others. The two to three year mark seems to be a particularly productive timeframe, as it allows for significant growth and the development of valuable partnerships. The speaker emphasizes the importance of setting others up for success and being someone who people want to work with. By focusing on these qualities and continuously learning from those around her, the speaker has been able to excel in various roles and communicate effectively across different business areas.

    Dedication goes beyond long hours, it's about striving for excellence and commitment to the team and the work.

    Dedication goes beyond long working hours and is more about holding oneself to a high standard and showing urgency and commitment to the team and the work. A concrete example of this is shown in the Netflix executive's role in facilitating the partnership between the content and technology organizations to deliver live content, ensuring they understand each other's strategies and needs to set both teams up for success. Another important aspect is the willingness to learn from failures and continuously improve. As Marico Poloco from Floodgate Ventures once asked, "Are you doing a world-class job with this?" This mindset of striving for excellence and commitment to the team and the work is crucial for success in any role or industry.

    The importance of the last 5% in making something world-class

    Setting and maintaining a high standard of excellence is crucial for personal and professional growth. This idea was emphasized through the speaker's experiences with her piano teacher and her own career. The speaker's mother instilled in her the importance of the last 5% in making something world-class, and this mindset has carried over into her work life. As a manager, she sets an example of high expectations and provides specific feedback and help when necessary to help her team members reach those standards. She believes that clear communication of expectations and consistent feedback are essential for growth. While some may find this approach stressful, the speaker has found that it leads to the most learning and development in her career. Overall, the message is that striving for excellence, both personally and professionally, is a worthwhile pursuit that leads to growth and improvement.

    Effective feedback and clear expectations are essential for team success

    Effective feedback and setting clear expectations are crucial for team success. Feedback should be delivered thoughtfully and privately, without encouraging failure but instead aiming to help team members improve. Expectations should be set ahead of time to ensure everyone is on the same page and working towards the same goals. Perfection is not the ultimate goal; rather, it's about achieving the desired outcome through thoughtful effort and iteration. It's essential to strike a balance between putting in enough time and energy to meet expectations and avoiding burnout. By having open and honest conversations, teams can avoid wasting time on unnecessary polish and instead focus on the essential aspects of their work.

    Netflix's unique culture: high talent density, candor, and freedom

    Netflix's unique culture is built on three key elements: high talent density, candor, and freedom. High talent density is crucial as it allows for a focus on excellence and improvement, and is deeply rooted in Netflix's history and founding principles. This means hiring top talent and being willing to give and receive constructive feedback, even if it's uncomfortable. Additionally, making tough decisions about underperforming employees is necessary to maintain a high talent density. These practices may not come naturally, but they are essential for Netflix's continued success.

    Netflix's ongoing feedback culture

    At Netflix, they prioritize ongoing, direct feedback as part of their company culture, rather than relying on formal performance reviews. Managers regularly ask their team members if they're meeting expectations and encourage open conversations about performance. This mental model, known as the "keeper test," creates a lightness around having tough conversations and helps ensure that everyone is aligned with the company's values and goals. While they do have an annual 360 feedback cycle and compensation cycle, the focus is on timely, direct feedback as the primary way to assess performance. This approach aims to reduce stress and anxiety around performance evaluations and instead foster a culture of open communication and continuous improvement.

    Encouraging open communication about performance

    Creating a culture of open communication about performance and expectations can help reduce stress and anxiety for employees, even in high-performance work environments. Netflix, for example, has a culture that encourages regular performance conversations, which allows employees to know where they stand and receive constructive feedback. Additionally, attracting and retaining top talent involves offering competitive compensation and looking for individuals who will bring new perspectives and add value to the team. By focusing on additive skills and perspectives, companies can maintain a high bar for excellence while continuously up-leveling their teams.

    Hiring for new perspectives and challenging the status quo

    Building a high-performing team goes beyond just hiring individuals with exceptional talent. It's essential to seek out individuals who can bring new perspectives, challenge the status quo, and raise the bar for the entire team. Consistently maintaining excellence is crucial, as the best people want to work with the best. However, this strategy requires a high talent density, and having gaps in skills or behavior can be toxic for other team members. Netflix, with its exceptional talent level, practices freedom and responsibility, allowing team members to explore and experiment with solutions, leading to significant innovations. This approach is not feasible for all companies, as it requires a high talent density and individuals with strong judgment. Netflix also gives team members a lot of responsibility and freedom in shaping the consumer experience and business stakeholders' experience. An example of Netflix's unconventional practices is their unlimited vacation policy, which is a testament to their trust in their employees' judgment and responsibility. However, implementing such policies requires a high level of talent density and trust in one's team.

    Netflix's culture of freedom and innovation

    At Netflix, creating a culture of freedom and innovation has led to numerous successful product features and processes. This freedom allows individual contributors to bring their ideas to the table, driving the company forward without being dictated by leaders. Transparency and candor are also essential components of the culture, with leaders sharing information freely and encouraging open discussions about what's not working and how to improve. A recent example of candor was the introduction of individual contributor levels, which was a significant change for the company but necessary for efficient team composition at scale. Despite the initial challenges, being candid about the process and continuously reflecting on how to improve it has been crucial.

    Embracing Transparency, Experimentation, and a Data-Driven Culture

    Transparency, experimentation, and a data-driven culture are essential elements for the success of a tech company like Netflix. The speaker emphasized the importance of being candid about setbacks and failures, as well as the value of intentional experimentation to test resilience and learn from mistakes. They also highlighted the effectiveness of a centralized, functionally diverse data team that is able to provide objective insights and drive cross-pollination of ideas across the organization. While some experimentation may involve injecting intentional instability, the ultimate goal is to learn and avoid bigger mistakes, rather than causing chaos for chaos's sake. Netflix's success is built on a foundation of trust, community, and a relentless focus on continuous improvement.

    Netflix Consumer Insights: Combining User Research and Data Science

    At Netflix, the Consumer Insights team plays a pivotal role in ensuring a consumer-oriented approach by combining user research and data science expertise. This unique collaboration allows for a full-stack approach to tackle complex problems, such as optimizing recommendations and improving user experience. The team's global remit and collaboration with various functional areas have led to increased credibility and effective problem-solving. To maintain a strong connection with teams and individuals, the leader prioritizes regular office hours, biweekly meetings, and open communication channels, emphasizing the importance of staying close to the ground and preserving opportunities for meaningful interaction.

    Invest in human connections for positive outcomes

    Prioritizing human connection in both personal and professional relationships is essential for building trust, approachability, and effective communication. Elizabeth emphasizes the importance of making time for one-on-one conversations and being fully present during those interactions. She also highlights that these connections can lead to valuable friendships and opportunities that can benefit you in the long run. Elizabeth's advice is to invest in others and focus on what gives you energy and expertise, as treating people well and nurturing relationships can lead to positive outcomes for yourself and those around you.

    The importance of self-reflection and introspection for personal growth and effective leadership

    Self-reflection and introspection are important practices for personal growth and effective leadership. The speaker shares that she spends time alone, particularly in the mornings, to reflect on her feelings, priorities, and goals. She admires the approach of leaders like Jeff Bezos, who prioritize uninterrupted thinking time. The speaker recommends books like "What I Talk About When I Talk About Running" by Haruki Murakami and "A Fine Balance" by Rohinton Mistry for their insights into human complexity and introspection. In interviews, she looks for candidates who can prioritize and bring new ideas to the table. Her favorite product is a pour-over coffee maker, which is part of her morning self-reflection routine. Her life motto is to constantly learn and grow.

    Embracing the good and practicing mental resilience

    Focusing on finding the good in every day and practicing mental resilience, especially during challenging times, can lead to personal growth. Elizabeth's mother's encouragement to enjoy the small things in life and her experiences as a biker and triathlete have taught her the importance of mental fortitude in enduring the highs and lows of life. By reflecting on these lessons and sharing them, Elizabeth hopes to inspire listeners to show up better for themselves and others. To connect with Elizabeth, listeners can find her on LinkedIn and are encouraged to pay the lessons forward by applying them to their own lives and relationships.

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    Be fundamentally different, not incrementally better | Jag Duggal (Nubank, Facebook, Google, Quantcast)

    Jag Duggal is chief product officer at Nubank, a decacorn neobank founded in Brazil. It’s valued at over $30 billion, is bigger than Coinbase, Robinhood, Affirm, and SoFi combined, has 100 million customers (more than Bank of America!) while only operating in three countries in Latin America, and 80% to 90% of its growth comes through word of mouth. Prior to Nubank, Jag was a director of product management at Facebook, a senior vice president at Quantcast, and a product leader at Google. In our conversation, we discuss:

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    Where to find Jag Duggal:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jagduggal/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Jag’s background

    (04:34) Nubank’s remarkable achievements

    (06:01) Nubank’s product development process

    (11:23) Nubank’s values

    (12:16) Building products people love fanatically

    (15:21) The Sean Ellis score

    (21:27) An example project using the Sean Ellis score

    (25:07) Picking up the phone and calling customers

    (28:20) The importance of starting small and iterating

    (30:42) Pushing back effectively

    (34:10) Uncovering pain points through customer research

    (37:53) An example of setting a clear hypothesis

    (42:01) Developing a strategy

    (52:16) “Be fundamentally different, not incrementally better”

    (53:10) Category design

    (57:37) Nubank’s founding story and goals for the future

    (01:00:46) Advice for adding new product lines

    (01:03:46) The future of fintech and banking

    (01:09:23) AI corner

    (01:12:34) Failure corner

    (01:20:24) Key takeaways

    (01:22:11) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Nubank: https://nubank.com.br/en/

    • Coinbase: https://www.coinbase.com/

    • Robinhood: https://www.robinhood.com/

    • SoFi: https://www.sofi.com/

    • Affirm: https://www.affirm.com/

    • Lemonade: https://www.lemfi.com/

    • Bank of America: https://www.bankofamerica.com/

    • Nubank achieves a world record with more than 7 million people participating in NuBolão in one month: https://building.nubank.com.br/nubank-achieves-world-record-with-nubolao

    • Nu México carries out first financial transaction 20 meters under the depth of the sea: https://www.bnamericas.com/en/news/nu-mexico-carries-out-first-financial-transaction-20-meters-under-the-depth-of-the-sea

    • David Vélez on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-v%C3%A9lez-1004875

    • Cristina Junqueira on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/crisjunqueira

    • Edward Wible on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/adamedwardwible

    • Sequoia Capital: https://www.sequoiacap.com/

    • Churrascaria: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churrascaria

    • Nubank’s real foundation: our culture and values: https://building.nubank.com.br/nubank-culture-and-values/

    • Working Backwards Press Release Template and Example: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/working-backwards-press-release-template-example-ian-mcallister/

    • Sean Ellis test: https://productcoalition.com/using-sean-ellis-test-for-measuring-your-product-market-fit-c8ac98053c2c

    • How to know if you’ve got product-market fit: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-know-if-youve-got-productmarket

    • Reid Hoffman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/reidhoffman/

    • Ultravioleta: Nubank expands its premium card offer and adds new features on the product’s first anniversary: https://international.nubank.com.br/company/ultravioleta-nubank-expands-its-premium-card-offer-and-adds-new-features-on-the-products-first-anniversary/

    • Jeff Bezos: Amazon and Blue Origin | Lex Fridman Podcast #405: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcWqzZ3I2cY

    • The Innovation Method Behind Swiffer Madness: https://www.fastcompany.com/3006797/innovation-method-behind-swiffer-madness

    • Kevin Systrom on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kevinsystrom/

    • Good Strategy, Bad Strategy | Richard Rumelt: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/good-strategy-bad-strategy-richard

    Good Strategy/Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters: https://www.amazon.com/Good-Strategy-Bad-Difference-Matters/dp/0307886239

    The Crux: How Leaders Become Strategists: https://www.amazon.com/Crux-How-Leaders-Become-Strategists/dp/1541701240/

    • How to become a category pirate | Christopher Lochhead (author of Play Bigger, Niche Down, Category Pirates, more): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-become-a-category-pirate-christopher

    Play Bigger: How Pirates, Dreamers, and Innovators Create and Dominate Markets: https://www.amazon.com/Play-Bigger-Dreamers-Innovators-Dominate/dp/0062407619

    Playing to Win: How Strategy Really Works: https://www.amazon.com/Playing-Win-Strategy-Really-Works/dp/142218739X

    • A framework for finding product-market fit | Todd Jackson (First Round Capital): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/a-framework-for-finding-product-market

    • Citi: https://www.citi.com/

    • Santander Bank: https://www.santanderbank.com/

    • Fidji Sumo on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/fidjisimo/

    • Harvard Kennedy School: https://www.hks.harvard.edu/

    • Susan Wojcicki on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/susan-wojcicki-b136a99/

    • Coldplay—“Lost+” ft. Jay-Z: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PkCDRm_YRFg

    • Google Buys DoubleClick for $3.1 Billion: https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/14/technology/14DoubleClick.html

    • Real-time bidding: https://support.google.com/authorizedbuyers/answer/6136272

    From Third World to First: The Singapore Story: 1965-2000: https://www.amazon.com/Third-World-First-Singapore-1965-2000/dp/0060197765/

    The Gilded Age on HBO: https://www.hbo.com/the-gilded-age

    • Lomi: https://lomi.com/

    • Nubank careers: https://international.nubank.com.br/careers/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    A framework for PM skill development | Vikrama Dhiman (Gojek)

    A framework for PM skill development | Vikrama Dhiman (Gojek)

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    Where to find Vikrama Dhiman:

    • X: https://twitter.com/vikramadhiman

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vikrama/

    • Website: https://www.vikramadhiman.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

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    (26:55) Common factors that impede career growth

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    (59:30) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Taxi mafias, cash vaults, and 100% MoM growth: The story behind Southeast Asia’s biggest startup | Kevin Aluwi (Gojek): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/taxi-mafias-cash-vaults-and-100-mom

    • How to scrappily hire for, measure, and unlock growth | Crystal Widjaja, Gojek and Kumu: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-hire-for-measure-and-unlock

    • Gojek: https://www.gojek.com/en-id

    • SQL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL

    • Oracle: https://www.oracle.com/

    • Crystal Widjaja on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/crystalwidjaja

    • Raditya Wibowo: https://www.linkedin.com/in/raditya-wibowo-a0845436/?originalSubdomain=id

    • Sidu Ponnappa on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sidup

    • Leveraging mentors to uplevel your career | Jules Walter (YouTube, Slack): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/leveraging-mentors-to-uplevel-your

    • Kevin Aluwi on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kaluwi/

    • Workday: https://www.workday.com/

    • Salesforce: https://www.salesforce.com/

    Small Data: The Tiny Clues That Uncover Huge Trends: https://www.amazon.com/Small-Data-Clues-Uncover-Trends/dp/1250080681

    Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World: https://www.amazon.com/Originals-How-Non-Conformists-Move-World/dp/014312885X

    Thinking, Fast and Slow: https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Fast-Slow-Daniel-Kahneman/dp/0374533555

    Miss Congeniality on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Miss-Congeniality-Sandra-Bullock/dp/B002R5HQDK

    Schitt’s Creek on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Schitts-Creek/dp/B083LDRW9F

    • DramaBox: https://www.dramaboxapp.com/

    Am I Overthinking This?: Over-Answering Life’s Questions in 101 Charts: https://www.amazon.com/Am-Overthinking-This-Over-answering-questions/dp/1452175861/

    Crazy Rich Asians on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Crazy-Rich-Asians-Constance-Wu/dp/B07JGJFXBF

    • 9 Best Hawker Centers in Singapore—and What to Eat There: https://www.afar.com/magazine/best-hawker-centers-in-singapore-and-what-to-eat-there

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Business strategy with Hamilton Helmer (author of 7 Powers)

    Business strategy with Hamilton Helmer (author of 7 Powers)

    Hamilton Helmer is one of the world’s leading experts on business strategy and the author of the seminal book 7 Powers: The Foundations of Business Strategy, which provides a comprehensive framework for understanding what it really takes to achieve and sustain a competitive advantage. With more than three decades of experience in the strategic consulting industry, Hamilton has advised over 200 companies—from burgeoning startups to Fortune 100 giants—on how to identify, build, and leverage their unique strategic powers. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Potential sources of power that startups should develop from an early stage

    • Common misconceptions among companies about the types of power they possess

    • How power relates to strategy

    • The difference between a moat and a power

    • Practical strategies for non-leaders to leverage insights about power and strategy in their work

    • AI’s impact on competitive advantages and barriers to entry

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    Find the transcript and references at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/business-strategy-with-hamilton-helmer

    Where to find Hamilton Helmer:

    • X: https://twitter.com/hamiltonhelmer

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hamilton-helmer-42983/

    • Website: https://7powers.com/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Hamilton’s background

    (04:08) When power becomes important

    (08:24) How strategy relates to power

    (12:09) How power informs strategy

    (14:46) The sequence of powers

    (21:13) Common misconceptions

    (24:39) Network effects vs. network economies

    (26:58) Uber’s success

    (29:16) Moats vs. powers

    (31:12) Strategies for non-leaders to leverage power and strategy

    (37:51) Advice on how to become a strategic thinker

    (39:27) AI’s impact on the seven powers

    (45:43) Why moving fast is not a power

    (50:24) Three things that create value in a company

    (51:16) The debt trajectory of the U.S.

    (56:35) Optimism for the future

    (59:25) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    7 Powers: The Foundations of Business Strategy: https://www.amazon.com/7-Powers-Foundations-Business-Strategy/dp/0998116319

    • John von Neumann: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_von_Neumann

    • Pearl Harbor: https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor

    • Where the Japanese Went Wrong at Pearl Harbor: https://pearlharbor.org/blog/where-japanese-went-wrong-pearl-harbor/

    • The ‘7 Powers’ of business success—from one of Netflix’s early investors: https://www.qualitycompounders.com.au/post/the-7-powers-of-business-success-from-one-of-netflix-s-early-investors

    • 7 Powers: Foundations of Business Strategy (Key Takeaways): https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/7-powers-foundations-business-strategy-key-takeaways-nikita-maloo/

    • Strategy Capital: https://strategycapital.com/

    • Warren Buffett: https://www.forbes.com/profile/warren-buffett/

    • Charlie Munger: https://www.forbes.com/profile/charles-munger/

    • Poor Charlie’s Almanack: The Essential Wit and Wisdom of Charles T. Munger: https://www.stripe.press/poor-charlies-almanack

    • Bill Gates reveals why Warren Buffett was an invaluable source of support during the stormiest period of his career: https://www.businessinsider.com/bill-gates-interview-warren-buffett-support-microsoft-antitrust-lawsuit-2019-6

    •  Billionaire Warren Buffett’s Secret Love Affair With Castles, Revealed: https://www.thestreet.com/opinion/billionaire-warren-buffett-s-secret-love-affair-with-castles-revealed-14290973

    • Netflix didn’t kill Blockbuster—how Netflix almost lost the movie rental wars: https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/22/how-netflix-almost-lost-the-movie-rental-wars-to-blockbuster.html

    • Michael Porter on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/professorporter/

    • What Is Strategy?: https://hbr.org/1996/11/what-is-strategy

    • TSMC: https://www.tsmc.com/english

    • Toyota Production System: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Production_System

    • America will be left with ‘severe, irreversible scars’ if national debt goes unchecked. Now, a blockbuster report warns the bill is higher than believed, hitting $141T by 2054: https://fortune.com/2024/04/01/america-social-economic-scars-us-debt-gomes-price/

    • Ben S. Bernanke: https://www.federalreservehistory.org/people/ben-s-bernanke

    • Forty-four of 50 U.S. states worsen inequality with ‘upside-down’ taxes: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/jan/10/states-wealth-inequality-taxes

    • Joseph A. Schumpeter: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Schumpeter

    Theory of Economic Development: https://www.amazon.com/Theory-Economic-Development-Science-Classics/dp/0878556982

    The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe: https://www.amazon.com/Road-Reality-Complete-Guide-Universe/dp/0679776311

    The Gene: An Intimate History: https://www.amazon.com/Gene-Intimate-History-Siddhartha-Mukherjee/dp/147673352X

    American Fiction on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/American-Fiction-Jeffrey-Wright/dp/B0CQKR72NX

    • Farahan Sarouk rugs: https://nazmiyalantiquerugs.com/persian-sarouk-farahan-rugs/

    • Rory Sutherland on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rorysutherland

    • Ogilvy: https://www.ogilvy.com/

    • Clint Eastwood quote: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/clint_eastwood_168005

    • Winston Churchill: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill

    Michelangelo, God’s Architect: The Story of His Final Years and Greatest Masterpiece: https://www.amazon.com/Michelangelo-Gods-Architect-Greatest-Masterpiece/dp/0691195498

    The Last Judgment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Judgment_(Michelangelo)

    • Theodore Roosevelt: https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/theodore-roosevelt/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    This will make you a better decision maker | Annie Duke (author of “Thinking in Bets” and “Quit”, former pro poker player)

    This will make you a better decision maker | Annie Duke (author of “Thinking in Bets” and “Quit”, former pro poker player)

    Annie Duke is a former professional poker player, a decision-making expert, and a special partner at First Round Capital. She is the author of Thinking in Bets (a national bestseller) and Quit: The Power of Knowing When to Walk Away and the co-founder of the Alliance for Decision Education, a nonprofit whose mission is to improve lives by empowering students through decision skills education. In our conversation, we cover:

    • What Annie learned from the late Daniel Kahneman

    • The power of pre-mortems and “kill criteria”

    • The relationship between money and happiness

    • The power of “mental time travel”

    • The nominal group technique for better decision quality

    • How First Round Capital improved their decision-making process

    • Many tactical decision-making frameworks

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/making-better-decisions-annie-duke

    Where to find Annie Duke:

    • X: https://twitter.com/AnnieDuke

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/annie-duke/

    • Website: https://www.annieduke.com/

    • Substack: https://www.annieduke.com/substack/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Annie’s background

    (03:53) Lessons from Daniel Kahneman: humility, curiosity, and open-mindedness

    (09:15) The importance of unconditional love in parenting

    (15:15) Mental time travel and “nevertheless”

    (20:06) The extent of improvement possible in decision-making 

    (24:54) Independent brainstorming for better decisions

    (35:36) Making sure people feel heard

    (42:41) The “3Ds” framework to make better decisions

    (44:49) Decision quality

    (55:46) Improving decision-making at First Round Capital

    (01:05:05) Using pre-mortems and kill criteria

    (01:10:15) Making explicit what’s implicit

    (01:10:55) The challenges of quitting and knowing when to walk away

    (01:19:23) Where to find Annie

    Referenced:

    • Daniel Kahneman, Who Plumbed the Psychology of Economics, Dies at 90: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/27/business/daniel-kahneman-dead.html

    • Adversarial collaboration: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adversarial_collaboration

    • Does more money correlate with greater happiness?: https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/does-more-money-correlate-greater-happiness-Penn-Princeton-research#

    • Income and emotional well-being: A conflict resolved: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36857342/

    • Strategic decisions: When can you trust your gut?: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/strategic-decisions-when-can-you-trust-your-gut

    • Cass Sunstein on X: https://twitter.com/CassSunstein

    • Dr. Becky on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drbeckyatgoodinside

    • A framework for finding product-market fit | Todd Jackson (First Round Capital): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/a-framework-for-finding-product-market

    • First Round Capital: https://firstround.com/

    • Brett Berson on X: https://twitter.com/brettberson

    • Renegade Partners: https://www.renegadepartners.com/

    • Renata Quintini on X: https://twitter.com/rquintini

    • Roseanne Wincek on X: https://twitter.com/imthemusic

    • Josh Kopelman on X: https://twitter.com/joshk

    • Bill Trenchard on X: https://twitter.com/btrenchard

    • Linnea Gandhi on X: https://twitter.com/linneagandhi

    • Maurice Schweitzer on X: https://twitter.com/me_schweitzer

    • Problems with premortems: https://sjdm.org/presentations/2021-Poster-Gandhi-Linnea-debiasing-premortem-selfserving~.pdf

    • Create a Solid Plan on How to Fail Big This Year: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesfinancecouncil/2020/02/07/create-a-solid-plan-on-how-to-fail-big-this-year/

    Quit: The Power of Knowing When to Walk Away: https://www.amazon.com/Quit-Power-Knowing-When-Walk/dp/0593422996/

    • Richard Thaler on X: https://twitter.com/R_Thaler

    • Stewart Butterfield on X: https://twitter.com/stewart

    • Glitch: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glitch_(video_game)

    • How the Founder of Slack & Flickr Turned Colossal Failures into Billion-Dollar Companies: https://medium.com/swlh/how-the-founder-of-slack-flickr-turned-failures-into-million-and-billion-dollar-companies-7bcaf0d35d66

    • The Most Fascinating Profile You’ll Ever Read About a Guy and His Boring Startup: https://www.wired.com/2014/08/the-most-fascinating-profile-youll-ever-read-about-a-guy-and-his-boring-startup/

    • The Alliance for Decision Education: https://alliancefordecisioneducation.org/

    • Make Better Decisions course on Maven: https://maven.com/annie-duke/make-better-decisions

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Twitter’s former Head of Product opens up: being fired, meeting Elon, changing stagnant culture, building consumer product, more | Kayvon Beykpour

    Twitter’s former Head of Product opens up: being fired, meeting Elon, changing stagnant culture, building consumer product, more | Kayvon Beykpour

    Kayvon Beykpour was the longest-serving head of product at Twitter and was GM of Twitter’s consumer division until the platform was acquired by Elon Musk. He originally joined Twitter in 2015 through the acquisition of his company, Periscope, the largest live video streaming platform at the time. Periscope pioneered technology that inspired Instagram Live, TikTok Live, Facebook Live, and other social networks’ expansion into video streaming. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • The story of being let go from Twitter after Elon’s acquisition

    • How he turned Twitter’s stagnant culture around

    • Kayvon’s thoughts on the limitations of frameworks like Jobs to Be Done

    • Why Periscope failed

    • Advice for building consumer products

    • When to copy, when to innovate

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/twitters-former-head-of-product-kayvon-beykpour

    Where to find Kayvon Beykpour:

    • X: https://twitter.com/kayvz

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kayvz/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Kayvon’s background

    (04:31) Getting Elon up to speed at Twitter

    (11:34) The story of being let go from Twitter after Elon’s acquisition

    (21:09) Changing the product culture at Twitter

    (29:44) Building the “hide replies” feature

    (32:02) Sacred crows, taking bold bets, and reigniting growth

    (34:28) Aquihires and their impact

    (42:40) Tips for successful acquisitions and staffing

    (47:00) The limitations of frameworks like JTBD

    (53:20) Signs you’ve gone too far with a framework

    (57:44) Lessons from building Periscope

    (01:00:41) Reasons why Periscope failed

    (01:07:24) The challenges of implementing video at Twitter

    (01:12:05) Copying ideas in good taste

    (01:17:58) How to get better at building consumer products

    (01:19:51) What Kayvon is building

    (01:20:31) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Lessons on building product sense, navigating AI, optimizing the first mile, and making it through the messy middle | Scott Belsky (Adobe, Behance): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/lessons-on-building-product-sense-navigating-ai-optimizing-the-first-mile-and-making-it-through-t/

    • What it’s like to sell your startup for ~$120 million before it’s even launched: Meet Twitter’s new prized possession, Periscope: https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-periscope-and-why-twitter-bought-it-2015-3

    • Walter Isaacson on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/walter-isaacson-b8b81520/

    • Elon Musk on X: https://twitter.com/elonmusk

    • Parag Agrawal on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/parag-agrawal-5a14742a/

    • Jack Dorsey on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jack-dorsey-a43b07242/

    • Blackboard: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackboard_Inc.

    • Keith Coleman on X: https://twitter.com/kcoleman

    • Esther Crawford on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/esthercrawford/

    • Twitter acquires Chroma Labs: https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/twitter-acquires-chroma-labs-story-aqvcRPAoYXqXJuAbefA6cN.html

    • John Barnett on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/johnbarnettt/

    • Jobs to Be Done framework: https://jobs-to-be-done.com/jobs-to-be-done-a-framework-for-customer-needs-c883cbf61c90

    • Hot takes and techno-optimism from tech’s top power couple: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/hot-takes-and-techno-optimism-from-techs-top-power-couple-sriram-and-aarthi/

    • Nike Is Unveiling the Kobe 11 Tomorrow Using Periscope: https://sneakernews.com/2015/12/13/nike-is-unveiling-the-kobe-11-tomorrow-using-periscope/

    • Chris Sacca’s website: https://chrissacca.com/

    • Facebook Live: https://www.facebook.com/formedia/tools/facebook-live

    • Kevin Hart on X: https://twitter.com/KevinHart4real

    • Clubhouse: https://www.clubhouse.com/

    • Vine: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vine_(service)

    • Paul Davison on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/davison/

    • Rohan Seth on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rohanseth/

    Cryptonomicon: https://www.amazon.com/Cryptonomicon-Neal-Stephenson/dp/0380788624

    Reamde: https://www.amazon.com/Reamde-Novel-Neal-Stephenson-ebook/dp/B004XVN0WW

    The Name of the Wind: https://www.amazon.com/Name-Wind-Kingkiller-Chronicle-Book-ebook/dp/B0010SKUYM

    Star Trek official site: https://www.startrek.com/

    Dune: part 2: https://www.dunemovie.com/

    Oppenheimer on Peacock: https://www.peacocktv.com/stream-movies/oppenheimer

    • Tokyo Vice on Max: https://www.max.com/shows/tokyo-vice/e7d93204-7f98-4e62-ab52-6c1da053f942

    Devs on Hulu: https://www.fxnetworks.com/shows/devs

    • Nick Offerman on X: https://twitter.com/nick_offerman

    3 Body Problem on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/81024821

    • Perplexity AI: https://www.perplexity.ai/

    • Particle: https://www.particle.news/

    • Crokinole board game: https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/521/crokinole

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    How to build deeper, more robust relationships | Carole Robin (Stanford GSB professor, “Touchy Feely”)

    How to build deeper, more robust relationships | Carole Robin (Stanford GSB professor, “Touchy Feely”)

    Carole Robin spent over 20 years teaching the Stanford Graduate School of Business course Interpersonal Dynamics, affectionately known as “Touchy Feely.” After leaving Stanford, she founded a nonprofit called Leaders in Tech, which applies the Touchy Feely principles to help Silicon Valley executives build their leadership and interpersonal skills. Carole co-authored the popular book Connect: Building Exceptional Relationships with Family, Friends, and Colleagues, which shares key insights from her decades of teaching these courses. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • The benefits of building robust relationships, in life and work

    • The 15% rule, and how it will help you build better relationships

    • The power of vulnerability

    • Examples of how to practice vulnerability

    • Why mental models you build early in life hold you back later

    • The “three realities” and “the net”

    • The art of inquiry

    • Practical tips for avoiding defensiveness when getting feedback

    • The impact of long Covid on Carole’s life

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/build-robust-relationships-carole-robin

    Where to find Carole Robin:

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/carole-robin/

    • Email: carolerobinllc@gmail.com

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Carole’s background

    (05:17) The importance of building robust relationships

    (10:20) The “Touchy Feely” course at Stanford

    (13:29) An example of the in-class experience

    (17:19) Leaders in Tech: developing interpersonal competence

    (21:36) Progressive disclosure and the 15% rule

    (24:28) Appropriate disclosure

    (26:52) The power of vulnerability

    (34:57) Admitting mistakes and sharing feelings

    (37:08) Understanding mental models

    (42:57) The “three realities” framework

    (53:52) The power of feedback and personal change

    (58:47) The art of inquiry

    (01:03:27) How to get better at giving feedback

    (01:07:47) Exercises and continued learning

    (01:10:49) “Advice hinders relationships”

    (01:16:49) Failure corner: AFOG

    (01:20:30) Takeaways

    (01:21:51) Lessons from long Covid

    Referenced:

    • How to Build Better Relationships: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/how-build-better-relationships

    Connect: Building Exceptional Relationships with Family, Friends, and Colleagues: https://www.amazon.com/Connect-Building-Exceptional-Relationships-Colleagues-ebook/dp/B0894279WZ

    • Leaders in Tech: https://leadersintech.org/

    • Leaders in Tech Fellows: https://leadersintech.org/learnaboutfellows

    • Steve Jobs: https://www.forbes.com/profile/steve-jobs/

    • Sheryl Sandberg on X: https://twitter.com/sherylsandberg

    • Ursula Burns: https://www.forbes.com/profile/ursula-burns/

    • Application for Leaders in Tech: https://leadersintech.org/programs-and-applications

    • Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development and Scaffolding Theory: https://www.simplypsychology.org/zone-of-proximal-development.html

    • The Best Leaders Aren’t Afraid to Be Vulnerable: https://hbr.org/2022/07/the-best-leaders-arent-afraid-of-being-vulnerable

    • The Surprising Benefits of Admitting Mistakes: 5 Ways to Build Intellectual Humility: https://www.forbes.com/sites/tracybrower/2021/12/29/the-surprising-benefits-of-admitting-mistakes-5-ways-to-build-intellectual-humility/

    • How to Build Conflict Skills—The Pinch/Crunch Model: https://www.forbes.com/sites/hannahart/2023/12/15/how-to-build-conflict-skills-the-pinchcrunch-model/

    • Slides mentioned (The Three Realities Framework | The 15% Rule | Feedback Guidelines): https://pen-name.notion.site/Carole-Robin-4-25-5d47d38a620e4636966d31f4bf3c7d00?pvs=4

    Mindset: The New Psychology of Success: https://www.amazon.com/Mindset-Psychology-Carol-S-Dweck/dp/0345472322

    • Management Time: Who’s Got the Monkey?: https://hbr.org/1999/11/management-time-whos-got-the-monkey

    • Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-022-00846-2

    • Leadership, acceptance, and self-management: my journey with long COVID: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/leadership-acceptance-self-management-my-journey-long-carole-robin/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Vision, conviction, and hype: How to build 0 to 1 inside a company | Mihika Kapoor (Product at Figma)

    Vision, conviction, and hype: How to build 0 to 1 inside a company | Mihika Kapoor (Product at Figma)

    Mihika Kapoor is a design-engineer-PM hybrid at Figma, where she was an early PM on FigJam and is now spearheading development on a new product at the company that’s coming out this June. She’s known as the go-to person at Figma for leading new 0-to-1 products, and, as you’ll hear in our conversation, beloved by everyone she works with. Her background includes founding Design Nation, a national nonprofit focused on democratizing design education for undergraduates; spearheading product launches at Meta; and community building within the NYC AI startup scene. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • How to effectively take ideas from 0 to 1 at larger companies

    • How to craft a compelling vision

    • The importance of vulnerability and feedback

    • The role of intuition and product sense in making decisions

    • How to practically communicate your vision

    • How to balance collaboration and strong opinions

    • Advice for building a strong team culture

    • Pivoting with grace and enthusiasm

    • The current AI revolution and its impact on PM

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/vision-conviction-hype-mihika-kapoor

    Where to find Mihika Kapoor:

    • X: https://twitter.com/mihikapoor

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mihikakapoor/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Mihika’s background

    (04:29) Core attributes of great product managers

    (07:34) Crafting a compelling vision

    (12:12) The vision behind FigJam 

    (18:25) Delivering a vision without design or engineering skills

    (21:52) Creating momentum

    (26:36) The importance of strong conviction

    (27:45) Direct communication

    (32:48) Building hype

    (42:20) Immersing yourself in user insights

    (47:16) Operationalizing user insights  

    (50:33) Caring deeply about what you build

    (54:01) Finding passion in your work

    (57:00) Building a strong culture

    (01:07:07) Pivoting with grace and enthusiasm

    (01:11:48) Design Nation

    (01:13:15) Mihika’s weaknesses

    (01:16:07) Building new products at larger companies

    (01:20:50) Coming up with a great idea

    (01:22:49) The key to going from 0 to 1

    (01:26:47) Spreading the idea across the company

    (01:29:15) Closing thoughts

    (01:32:11) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Figma: https://www.figma.com/

    • Sho Kuwamoto on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/shokuwamoto/

    The Medici Effect: What Elephants and Epidemics Can Teach Us About Innovation: https://www.amazon.com/Medici-Effect-Preface-Discussion-Guide/dp/1633692949

    • FigJam: https://www.figma.com/figjam/

    • Cognition: https://www.cognition-labs.com/

    • Devin: https://www.cognition-labs.com/introducing-devin

    • David Hoang on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dhoang2/

    • Replit: https://replit.com/

    • The Making of Maker Week at Figma: https://www.figma.com/blog/the-making-of-maker-week/

    • Yuhki Yamashita on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/yuhki/

    • Jeff Bezos’ Simple Decision-Making Framework Will Give You Clarity, Conviction, and Courage: https://medium.com/illumination/jeff-bezos-simple-decision-making-framework-will-give-you-clarity-conviction-and-courage-adf8d0183625

    • Alice Ching on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aliceching/

    • Karl Jiang on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/karl-jiang-4a07424/

    • Kris Rasmussen on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kristopherrasmussen/

    • Config: https://config.figma.com/

    • Dev Mode: https://www.figma.com/dev-mode/

    • Asana: https://asana.com/

    • Julie Zhuo on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/julie-zhuo/

    • StrengthsFinder test: https://www.gyfted.me/personality-quiz/strengthsfinder-test-free

    • Dylan Field on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dylanfield/

    • Vishal Shah on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/vishalnshah/

    Design Disruptors: https://www.invisionapp.com/films/design-disruptors

    • Daniel Burka on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dburka/

    • Jamie Myrold on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jamiemyrold/

    • Design Nation: https://dn.businesstoday.org/

    • Stuart Weitzman on X: https://twitter.com/StuartWeitzman

    • Joe Gebbia on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jgebbia/

    • Building a long and meaningful career | Nikhyl Singhal (Meta, Google): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/building-a-long-and-meaningful-career-nikhyl-singhal-meta-google/

    • Jambot: https://www.figma.com/community/widget/1274481464484630971/jambot

    • Hestia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hestia

    Harry Potter series: https://www.amazon.com/Harry-Potter-Paperback-Box-Books/dp/0545162076

    Pachinko: https://www.amazon.com/Pachinko-National-Book-Award-Finalist/dp/1455563927/

    Creativity, Inc.: Overcoming the Unseen Forces That Stand in the Way of True Inspiration: https://www.amazon.com/Creativity-Inc-Expanded-Overcoming-Inspiration/dp/0593594649

    The Overstory: https://www.amazon.com/Overstory-Novel-Richard-Powers/dp/039335668X

    Severance on AppleTV+: https://tv.apple.com/us/show/severance/umc.cmc.1srk2goyh2q2zdxcx605w8vtx

    Dune on Max: https://www.max.com/movies/dune/e7dc7b3a-a494-4ef1-8107-f4308aa6bbf7

    Dune: Part 2: https://www.dunemovie.com/

    • Arc browser: https://arc.net/

    • Pika: https://pika.art/home

    • The power of recognition: Why you should celebrate your employees | Josh Miller: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/videos/the-power-of-recognition-why-you-should-celebrate-your-employees-josh-miller/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    Lessons from 1,000+ YC startups: Resilience, tar pit ideas, pivoting, more | Dalton Caldwell (Y Combinator, Managing Director)

    Lessons from 1,000+ YC startups: Resilience, tar pit ideas, pivoting, more | Dalton Caldwell (Y Combinator, Managing Director)

    Dalton Caldwell is Managing Director and Group Partner at Y Combinator. Prior to YC, he was the co-founder and CEO of imeem (acquired by MySpace in 2009) and the co-founder and CEO of App.net. During his time at YC, he’s advised more than 35 YC unicorns, including DoorDash, Amplitude, Webflow, and Retool, and has worked across 21 different YC batches. He’s also racked up more than 6,500 office hours with founders. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Why founders need to adopt the mindset “Just don’t die”

    • The most common reason startups fail

    • When to pivot, and characteristics of a good pivot

    • The concept of “tar pit ideas” and examples of bad startup ideas

    • Why investors say no to startups

    • The importance of market size in investment decisions

    • The pitfalls of founders over-delegating

    • Effective ways to talk to customers

    • 20 ideas Dalton is looking to fund

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-1000-yc-startups

    Where to find Dalton Caldwell:

    • X: https://twitter.com/daltonc

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/daltoncaldwell/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Dalton’s background

    (04:41) The value of simple advice

    (07:04) Dalton’s advice: “Just don’t die”

    (08:39) Knowing when to stop

    (11:45) Deciding to pivot

    (14:26) Characteristics of a good pivot

    (17:53) Knowing when to pivot

    (19:03) Zip’s journey and finding a market

    (21:22) Why Dalton says to “Move towards the mountains and the desert”

    (23:45) Tar pit ideas

    (26:49) Understanding why investors say no

    (29:14) The importance of market size

    (32:16) Avoiding over-delegation and hiring senior people too early

    (36:43) Why startups fail

    (40:30) Effectively talking to customers

    (45:17) Examples of startups hustling to talk to customers

    (48:01) Patterns of successful startups

    (52:05) YC’s Request for Startups

    (55:37) Early days of Silicon Valley

    (01:05:33) Contrarian corner: growth hacking for early startups

    (01:09:28) Failure corner

    (01:11:15) Closing thoughts

    (01:12:22) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • Y Combinator: https://www.ycombinator.com/

    • Tiger Woods’s website: https://tigerwoods.com/

    • Co-Founder Mistakes That Kill Companies & How to Avoid Them: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dlfjs_eEEzs

    • Daniel Alberson’s LinkedIn post about Y Combinator: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/alberson_i-left-my-dream-job-as-a-product-manager-activity-7089677882431533056-jJ9H

    • Companies in Y Combinator W17 Batch: https://www.ycdb.co/batch/w17

    • Brex: https://www.brex.com/

    • Retool: https://retool.com/

    • Segment: https://segment.com/

    • Mixpanel: https://mixpanel.com/

    • Whatnot: https://www.whatnot.com/

    • Andreessen Horowitz: https://a16z.com/

    • Airbnb’s CEO says a $40 cereal box changed the course of the multibillion-dollar company: https://fortune.com/2023/04/19/airbnb-ceo-cereal-box-investors-changed-everything-billion-dollar-company/

    • Rujul Zaparde on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rujulz/

    • Zip: https://ziphq.com/

    • Lu Cheng on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lu-cheng-973b7830/

    • Avoid these tempting startup tar pit ideas: https://www.ycombinator.com/library/Ij-avoid-these-tempting-startup-tarpit-ideas

    • Airbnb acquires Localmind to create crowdsourced advice about neighborhoods: https://skift.com/2012/12/13/airbnb-acquires-localmind-to-create-crowdsourced-advice-about-neighborhoods/

    • Foursquare: https://foursquare.com/

    • Razorpay: https://razorpay.com/

    • Total Addressable Market: https://www.productplan.com/glossary/total-addressable-market/

    • Lenny Bogdonoff on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rememberlenny/

    • Milk Video: https://milkvideo.com/

    • Lessons from working with 600+ YC startups | Gustaf Alströmer (Y Combinator, Airbnb): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/lessons-from-working-with-600-yc-startups-gustaf-alstromer-y-combinator-airbnb/

    • How the most successful B2B startups came up with their original idea: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-the-most-successful-b2b-startups

    • Collison installation: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18400504

    • Stripe: https://stripe.com/

    • Patrick Collison on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/patrickcollison/

    • John Collison on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/johnbcollison/

    • Tony Xu on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/xutony/

    • Grant LaFontaine on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/grantlafontaine/

    • Ryan Petersen on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rpetersen/

    • Lessons on building product sense, navigating AI, optimizing the first mile, and making it through the messy middle | Scott Belsky (Adobe, Behance): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/lessons-on-building-product-sense-navigating-ai-optimizing-the-first-mile-and-making-it-through-t/

    • YC’s latest Request for Startups: https://www.ycombinator.com/blog/ycs-latest-request-for-startups

    • ERPs: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#new-enterprise-resource-planning-software

    • Commercial open source companies: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#commercial-open-source-companies

    • New space companies: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#new-space-companies

    • A way to end cancer: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#a-way-to-end-cancer

    • Spatial computing: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#spatial-computing

    • New defense technology: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#new-defense-technology

    • Bringing manufacturing back to America: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#bring-manufacturing-back-to-america

    • Better enterprise glue: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#better-enterprise-glue

    • Small fine-tuned models, as an alternative to giant generic ones: https://www.ycombinator.com/rfs#small-finetuned-models-as-an-alternative-to-giant-generic-ones

    • Reid Hoffman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/reidhoffman/

    • Sam Altman on X: https://twitter.com/sama

    • Sean Parker on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/parkersean/

    • Owen Van Natta on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/owen-van-natta-444a7/

    • Marc Andreessen on X: https://twitter.com/pmarca

    • Picplz 1, Instagram 0 as VC firm Andreessen Horowitz chooses photo app rival: https://www.reuters.com/article/idUS2587232395/

    • Gustaf Alstromer—How to Get Users and Grow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9ikpoF2GH0

    Getting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving In: https://www.amazon.com/Getting-Yes-Negotiating-Agreement-Without/dp/0143118757

    Founding Sales: The Early Stage Go-to-Market Handbook: https://www.amazon.com/Founding-Sales-Go-Market-Handbook-ebook/dp/B08PMK17Z1

    • Founder-led sales | Pete Kazanjy (Founding Sales, Atrium): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/founder-led-sales-pete-kazanjy-founding-sales-atrium/

    The Sopranos on HBO: https://www.hbo.com/the-sopranos

    The Wire on HBO: https://www.hbo.com/the-wire

    Columbo on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/Columbo-Season-1/dp/B008SA89HA

    • Oura ring: https://ouraring.com/

    • Apple watch: https://www.apple.com/watch/

    • SiPhox: https://siphoxhealth.com/

    • Dalton & Michael on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLQ-uHSnFig5Nd98Sc9I-kkc0ZWe8peRMC

    • How Future Billionaires Get Sh*t Done: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ephzgxgOjR0

    • The Student’s Guide to Becoming a Successful Startup Founder: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5KCB2p6SB8

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    The GitLab way: Kindness, transparency, and short toes | David DeSanto (CPO)

    The GitLab way: Kindness, transparency, and short toes | David DeSanto (CPO)

    David DeSanto is the chief product officer of GitLab, which is the largest remote-only company in the world. They share many of their team meetings on YouTube, and they’ve grown from being an open-source code management product competing with GitHub to a multi-product platform that covers security, compliance, continuous integration, project management, and deployment tools, many of which are infused with AI magic. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • How GitLab operationalizes transparency

    • The philosophy behind recording and sharing team meetings on YouTube

    • Their extensive public employee handbook

    • GitLab’s core value of having “short toes”

    • Challenges and advice for doing remote work well

    • Strategies for ensuring effective communication in a remote work environment

    • GitLab’s breadth-over-depth strategy

    • The company’s unique approach to AI

    • The value of using humor in high-stakes conversations

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-gitlab-way

    Where to find David DeSanto:

    • X: https://twitter.com/david_desanto

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ddesanto/

    • Threads: https://www.threads.net/@david.the.beard

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) David’s background

    (04:20) Maintaining an epic beard

    (05:29) Why GitLab publicly shares team meetings

    (09:49) The GitLab Handbook

    (11:30) GitLab’s issue tracker

    (14:29) How to successfully build a culture of transparency

    (18:11) Benefits of operating with transparency

    (19:55) The value of building in public

    (21:53) How GitLab implements their core value of kindness

    (25:16) What it means to have “short toes”

    (27:41) Other core values

    (32:16) Common reasons for not fitting in at GitLab

    (34:42) Advice for remote teams

    (42:04) Advice for getting into product

    (43:52) Advice for PMs who are struggling in a remote world

    (48:25) Specific tools that help with remote work

    (53:13) Time zones and remote work

    (57:18) Breadth-over-depth strategy

    (01:04:14) AI at GitLab

    (01:13:11) GitLab’s products and solutions

    (01:14:54) Lightning round

    Referenced:

    • GitLab: https://about.gitlab.com/

    • UX Showcase—David DeSanto introduction to UX team and AMA: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fEdsmnVKNj4

    • The GitLab Handbook: https://handbook.gitlab.com/

    • Sid Sijbrandij on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sijbrandij/

    • Y Combinator: https://www.ycombinator.com/

    • GitLab issues: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/project/issues/

    • Salesforce: https://www.salesforce.com/

    • GitLab values: https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/values

    • GitLab organizational structure: https://handbook.gitlab.com/handbook/company/structure

    • GitLab direction: https://about.gitlab.com/direction/

    • Dogfooding: A simple practice to help you build better products: https://medium.com/agileinsider/dogfooding-a-simple-practice-to-help-you-build-better-products-b5954af4d5f7

    • The ultimate guide to adding a PLG motion | Hila Qu (Reforge, GitLab): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-ultimate-guide-to-adding-a-plg

    • Zigging vs. zagging: How HubSpot built a $30B company | Dharmesh Shah (co-founder/CTO): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-30-years-of-building

    • HubSpot: https://www.hubspot.com/

    Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling Disruptive Products to Mainstream Customers: https://www.amazon.com/Crossing-Chasm-3rd-Disruptive-Mainstream/dp/0062292986

    • Geoffrey Moore on finding your beachhead, crossing the chasm, and dominating a market: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/geoffrey-moore-on-finding-your-beachhead-crossing-the-chasm-and-dominating-a-market/

    • Open-core model: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-core_model

    • GitLab Duo: https://about.gitlab.com/gitlab-duo/

    • GitLab Docs: https://docs.gitlab.com/

    • Anthropic: https://www.anthropic.com/

    • GitLab Acquires UnReview to Expand Its DevOps Platform with Machine Learning Capabilities: https://about.gitlab.com/press/releases/2021-06-02-gitlab-acquires-unreview-machine-learning-capabilities/

    Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less: https://www.amazon.com/Essentialism-Disciplined-Pursuit-Greg-McKeown/dp/0804137382

    • The Mission Critical Core/Context Model for Product Managers: https://secretpmhandbook.com/the-mission-critical-corecontext-model-for-product-managers/

    The Devil’s Hour on AppleTV+: https://tv.apple.com/us/show/the-devils-hour/umc.cmc.3zw4tyzd4lvor5mwhujms63x3

    Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/81458416

    • Taylor Swift’s The Eras Tour on Prime Video: https://www.amazon.com/TAYLOR-SWIFT-ERAS-EXTENDED-VERSION/dp/B0CP99SN2B

    • The STAR method: https://capd.mit.edu/resources/the-star-method-for-behavioral-interviews/

    • Artifact News: https://artifact.news/

    • Superhuman: https://superhuman.com/

    • Arc browser: https://arc.net/

    • An inside look at how The Browser Company builds product: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/competing-with-giants-an-inside-look

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



    Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

    A framework for finding product-market fit | Todd Jackson (First Round Capital)

    A framework for finding product-market fit | Todd Jackson (First Round Capital)

    Todd Jackson is a Partner at First Round Capital. Before moving into venture capital, he played a crucial role as VP of Product and Design at Dropbox, guiding the company until its IPO in 2018. Prior to Dropbox, Todd led product management for Twitter’s Content and Discovery teams after selling his startup, Cover, to Twitter in 2014. Before Cover, Todd oversaw product development for Facebook’s Newsfeed, Photos, and Groups. He kickstarted his career at Google as an associate product manager and eventually led product for Gmail, witnessing its growth from beta to 200 million users. In our conversation, we discuss:

    • Why product-market fit (PMF) matters

    • First Round Capital’s four-part PMF framework

    • Level one: Nascent product-market fit

    • Level two: Developing product-market fit

    • Level three: Strong product-market fit

    • Level four: Extreme product-market fit

    • Examples of companies at each level

    • How to know if you’re stuck at a level, and how to get unstuck

    • What to change if you’re stuck: persona, problem, promise, and product

    • The goals and challenges at each stage

    Brought to you by:

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    Find the full transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/a-framework-for-finding-product-market

    Where to find Todd Jackson:

    • X: https://twitter.com/tjack

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/toddj0/

    Where to find Lenny:

    • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com

    • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan

    • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/

    In this episode, we cover:

    (00:00) Todd’s background

    (06:07) First Round Capital’s PMF framework

    (09:07) Why product-market fit is so important

    (11:02) Who can benefit from this framework

    (12:55) The product-market fit method

    (16:54) Broad overview of the framework

    (21:35) Level one: nascent product-market fit

    (33:16) The four P’s

    (39:13) Level two: developing product-market fit

    (49:13) Signs you’re stuck at level two, and what to do

    (55:12) Level three: strong product-market fit

    (01:00:17) Signs you’re stuck at level three, and what to do

    (01:02:22) Level four: extreme product-market fit

    (01:06:55) Rough timelines for each level

    (01:11:18) A quick recap of the framework

    (01:12:15) Diving deeper on the four P’s: what to do if you’re stuck

    (01:13:56) Dollar-driven discovery

    (01:25:11) Apply for the product-market-fit method program

    Referenced:

    • First Round: https://firstround.com/

    • Twitter Acquires Cover: https://www.vox.com/2014/4/7/11625332/twitter-acquires-cover-an-android-mobile-startup

    • Dropbox: https://www.dropbox.com/

    • Rahul Vohra on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rahulvohra/

    • How Superhuman Built an Engine to Find Product Market Fit: https://review.firstround.com/how-superhuman-built-an-engine-to-find-product-market-fit/

    • How to validate your startup idea: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/validating-your-startup-idea

    • How the most successful B2B startups came up with their original idea: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-the-most-successful-b2b-startups

    • How to know if you’ve got product-market fit: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-to-know-if-youve-got-productmarket

    • A guide for finding product-market fit in B2B: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/finding-product-market-fit

    • Product-market fit method: http://pmf.firstround.com/

    • Stripe: https://stripe.com/

    • Plaid: https://plaid.com/

    • Paths to PMF: https://review.firstround.com/series/product-market-fit/

    • WeWork: https://www.wework.com/

    • Casper: https://casper.com/

    • Vanta: https://www.vanta.com/

    • Christina Cacioppo on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ccacioppo/

    • Ramp: https://ramp.com/

    • Velocity over everything: How Ramp became the fastest-growing SaaS startup of all time | Geoff Charles (VP of Product): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/velocity-over-everything-how-ramp-became-the-fastest-growing-saas-startup-of-all-time-geoff-charl/

    • Jack Altman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jackealtman/

    • Lattice: https://lattice.com/

    • Zachary Perret on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/zperret/

    • Positioning: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/positioning

    • Retool: https://retool.com/

    • David Hsu on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dvdhsu/

    • Persona: https://withpersona.com/

    • Rick Song on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rick-song-25198b24/

    • Lloyd Tabb on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lloydtabb/

    • Looker: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looker_(company)

    • Jason Boehmig on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jboehmig/

    • Ironclad: https://ironcladapp.com/

    • Lessons in leadership | Scaling an org and tactical management advice | Jack Altman (Lattice): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZzXqf61mrQ

    • Filip Kaliszan on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kaliszan/

    • Verkada: https://www.verkada.com/

    • Ali Ghodsi on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/alighodsi/

    • Databricks: https://www.databricks.com/

    • Stripe Radar: https://stripe.com/radar

    • Stripe Atlas: https://stripe.com/atlas

    • Square Stand: https://squareup.com/shop/hardware/us/en/products/ipad-pos-stand-integrated-card-reader

    • Cash App: https://cash.app/

    • Square Checking: https://squareup.com/us/en/campaign/banking/checking

    • Square Loan: https://squareup.com/help/us/en/article/5654-get-started-with-square-capital

    • Casey Winters on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/caseywinters/

    • How to sell your ideas and rise within your company | Casey Winters, Eventbrite: https://www.lennyspodcast.com/how-to-sell-your-ideas-and-rise-within-your-company-casey-winters-eventbrite/

    • Josh Kopelman on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jkopelman/

    • The art and science of pricing | Madhavan Ramanujam (Monetizing Innovation, Simon-Kucher): https://www.lennyspodcast.com/videos/the-art-and-science-of-pricing-madhavan-ramanujam-monetizing-innovation-simon-kucher/

    • Simon Kucher: https://www.simon-kucher.com/

    Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.

    Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.



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