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    GUEST SERIES | Dr. Andy Galpin: Optimal Nutrition & Supplementation for Fitness

    enFebruary 22, 2023
    Why is nutrition important for fitness goals?
    What is the recommended fluid intake guideline?
    How can dehydration affect athletic performance?
    What are some risks of drinking too much water?
    How should one assess their fluid loss during exercise?

    Podcast Summary

    • The Basics of Nutrition, Exercise, and SupplementationPrioritize sleep, nutrition, and hydration first, and research supplements before incorporating them into your fitness plan to maximize benefits and minimize risks.

      Nutrition and supplementation are an important part of achieving fitness, exercise, and performance goals.While they can be confusing, it is important to understand what is beneficial and what could be counteractive.Supplements can provide us with potent compounds that can help us with short term performance and recovery, but it is important to focus on the basics of sleep, nutrition, and hydration first.There are some supplements that offer 80% of the benefit for the lowest cost, but it is important to find out what works for you and your goals.Knowing the consequences of certain supplements and taking the time to research them can be beneficial in the long run.

    • Reap the Benefits of Creatine SupplementationCreatine supplementation is safe, affordable and can aid in muscle performance, strength, fat loss, recovery and cognitive functions like memory, executive function and depression. Taking 3-5 grams of creatine monohydrate per day is recommended.

      Creatine is a great supplement to start with when considering taking supplements.It has a lot of benefits, such as aiding muscle performance, strength, fat loss, recovery and even cognitive functions like memory, executive function and depression.It can even benefit those with neurodegenerative diseases.Taking 3-5 grams of creatine monohydrate per day is safe and has minimal side effects.It is also affordable, so it is an accessible way to start supplementing.

    • Creating a Strong Foundation for Ultra High PerformanceConsistently making healthy lifestyle choices such as taking certain supplements, exercising, getting enough sleep and sunlight can help create a strong foundation that can make you more resilient and lead to ultra high performance.

      Consistently making healthy lifestyle choices such as taking certain supplements, exercising, getting enough sleep and sunlight can have a positive effect on your overall functioning.Even though these choices may have an immediate effect, the true benefit comes from doing them consistently over time - as close to 80% of the time as possible.This is because these healthy habits create a strong foundation that can make you more resilient under difficult situations and lead to ultra high performance when conditions are perfect.

    • Staying Hydrated for Maximum PerformanceDrinking 6-8 glasses of water everyday and supplementing electrolytes can improve physical and mental performance, and overall health.

      Hydration is essential for physical and mental performance, and to stay healthy.We need to drink 6-8 glasses of water everyday and make sure our urine is not too dark yellow.To avoid negative effects of dehydration, electrolytes can be supplemented.There are 3 categories of supplements - fuel, stimulant and fatigue blockers.Fuel includes creatine, stimulant includes beet root juice and caffeine, and fatigue blockers includes beta alanine or sodium bicarbonate.Hydration is also essential, and we should drink enough water before and during training.Taking care of hydration levels can improve performance and overall health.

    • The Effects of Dehydration on PerformanceIt is important to stay hydrated to maintain physical and mental performance, but it is also important to not overdrink water to prevent hyponatremia.

      Dehydration affects physical and mental performances, even with a body weight reduction of 2%.Studies have shown that basketball players experience a decrease in accuracy when they are 2% dehydrated.Not only that, but the perception of difficulty also increases.With more dehydration, endurance and speed also decrease.Furthermore, if you are already dehydrated and begin an exercise, performance is affected.Drinking too much water can also be an issue, since it can dilute electrolytes, resulting in hyponatremia.This can cause confusion, brain fog, and GI distress, which can be mistaken for other health issues.It is important to drink enough water, but in moderation.

    • Unlocking the Benefits of Proper HydrationPaying attention to proper hydration is essential for optimal health and performance, as it can have a major impact on overall functioning.

      Hydration is an important part of overall health and performance.Too little can lead to issues such as fatigue, brain fog, and difficulty concentrating.Too much can cause anxiety and sleep disorders.One person was drinking 8 cups of coffee a day and having problems with focus and brain fog.We reduced her water intake to an ounce per pound of bodyweight and within two days, the person reported sleeping 6 hours straight, improved focus, and digestion.Proper hydration is essential to allowing the cells of the body to function properly and can even affect hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.Paying attention to hydration is important for everyone, even if it doesn't seem exciting, as it can have a major impact on overall health and performance.

    • Staying Hydrated for Quality SleepDrinking half an ounce of water per pound of body weight per day is recommended, with an extra 25% if engaging in activities like exercise. For a 200 pound person, this equates to 100 ounces of water daily, with up to 2 pounds of water loss per hour during exercise.

      Hydration is important for getting a good quality sleep.It is recommended to drink half an ounce per pound of body weight during the day.This number can increase depending on physical activities like exercise, sauna, etc.wherein it is advised to drink 125% of the fluids lost during that activity.For example, for a 200 pound person, it would mean drinking 100 ounces of water per day.For activities like exercise, it is not uncommon for people to lose up to 2 pounds of water per hour.

    • Stay Hydrated and Electrolyte Balanced for Optimal Exercise PerformanceDrink half an ounce of fluid per pound of body weight, 125% of the fluid lost during exercise, and replenish electrolytes with pre and mid-workout drinks or electrolyte powders to stay alert and perform at your best.

      Hydration is an important part of exercise performance.A good guideline is to drink half an ounce of fluid per pound of body weight, and 125% of the fluid lost during exercise.Depending on the environment and intensity of the exercise, fluid loss can vary greatly, from one to five, maybe even ten pounds per hour.To get a better understanding of how much fluid is lost, you can weigh yourself before and after exercise.To make up for the fluid and electrolyte loss, you can drink fluids like water, coffee, tea, pre and mid-workout drinks, etc.Also, electrolyte powders or a small pinch of sodium, magnesium, and potassium can help replace what is lost.Lastly, people have different sweating abilities, so it is important to be aware of your own body's needs.With proper hydration and electrolyte balance, you can stay alert and perform at your best.

    • Improving Exercise Output Capacity Through Hydration and Heat AcclimationProper hydration, heat acclimation and electrolyte intake can help you get the most out of your exercise.

      Through proper hydration and heat acclimation training, one can improve their ability to sweat and increase their exercise output capacity.Sweating is a process of bringing fluid from the body to the surface of the skin and then the heat is dumped by the evaporation of that fluid.A sauna, jacuzzi or other hot environment can help you acclimate to sweat more efficiently.However, there is a genetic component to how much one sweats, and this should not be a concern.You can also buy patches or tests to measure hydration levels and electrolyte intake to match your sweat output.In the end, proper hydration, heat acclimation and electrolyte intake can help you get the most out of your exercise.

    • Hydration is Essential for PerformanceConsume fluids at a rate of body weight divided by 30 ounces (or two milliliters per kilogram of body weight) every 15 to 20 minutes to stay hydrated and perform at your best.

      Andy Galpin's advice can be very useful to any athlete or even a regular person who likes to exercise.Hydration is essential to any physical activity, and the advice can be boiled down to body weight divided by 30, in ounces every 15 to 20 minutes.For people outside the US who use the metric system, it's two milliliters per kilogram of body weight every 15 to 20 minutes.The fluids should be ingested at a slow and steady pace to avoid GI distress.By following these steps, one can stay hydrated and perform at their best.

    • Optimize Hydration for Improved Physical and Mental PerformanceStart your day with 16 ounces of water, drink 2 milliliters of water per kilogram of body weight divided by 30, re-hydrate after activity by drinking 125% of the amount of water lost during exercise, and limit your fluid intake 3 hours before sleep.

      Hydration is an important factor for physical and mental performance.It's important to start your day with 16 ounces (or more if you're larger) of water to get the body's hydration going.Throughout the day, aim to drink 2 milliliters of water per kilogram of body weight, divided by 30.After activity, re-hydrate by drinking 125% of the amount of water you lost during exercise.Finally, limit your fluid intake 3 hours before sleep and if needed, sip on a glass of water in the final hour or two.By following these steps, you can optimize your hydration and improve performance.

    • Hydrating for Optimal Performance and WellbeingStart the day by drinking a glass of water, focus on eating whole, real foods, and sip on water in the three hours leading up to sleep. Choose foods like watermelon and meats, and be mindful of the amount of sugar you consume.

      Hydrating correctly is essential for optimal performance and wellbeing.Start the day by drinking a glass of water, and focus on eating whole, real foods throughout the day.Before bed, sip on water in the three hours leading up to sleep instead of gulping it all at once.A big determinant of hydration is your food choices - choose foods like watermelon which is 95% water.Meats can also be a great source, but the amount of water they contain will depend on how well they are cooked.Lastly, it's important to be aware of the amount of sugar you're consuming - too much can be detrimental to your health and affect your hydration.

    • Rehydrate for Improved Physical and Mental PerformanceHydration is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle. Pre-hydrate before exercise and look to consume fluids with electrolytes and sodium. Be mindful of sodium intake if you have pre-hypertension or hypertension.

      Hydration is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle.Eating whole, real foods and adding salt back to your diet can help improve hydration levels.Pre-hydrating with 13-20 ounces of water before exercise can help you stay hydrated during your workout.During exercise, look to consume fluids that are iso-osmotic to your blood, like electrolytes with 200-400 milligrams of sodium.Coconut water can also be a great source of hydration, just add a pinch of salt to increase the sodium levels.People with pre-hypertension and hypertension should be careful with their sodium intake.Proper hydration can help improve mental clarity, focus, stamina, and physical performance.

    • A Balanced Diet is Essential for Overall Health and PerformanceConsume enough carbohydrates, fluids, salt, and electrolytes to stay hydrated and maintain muscle glycogen levels.

      Consuming a balanced diet, including carbohydrates, is important for overall health and performance.If a person is not consuming enough carbohydrates, they should make sure to drink enough fluids and get enough salt in their diet.Caffeine and a low carbohydrate diet can lead to more frequent urination, so it's important to stay hydrated and get enough electrolytes.Salting food or adding a pinch of salt to water can help replenish sodium levels.Additionally, during long or intense workouts, carbohydrates can be beneficial in order to maintain muscle glycogen levels and prevent a drop in performance.

    • Achieving Optimal Performance During ExerciseEnsure adequate carbohydrates and water intake during exercise, and use a combination of glucose and fructose to maximize carbohydrate intake. Train the gut before competition, and consider caffeine 90-120 minutes before exercise on an empty stomach.

      To perform well during exercise, it's important to take in adequate carbohydrates and water.A good ratio of carbohydrates is a 5-9% glucose concentration in fluid.Sports drinks are often undersalted and don't provide enough carbs, so aim for 60-100 grams of carbs per hour.To maximize carbohydrate intake, use a combination of glucose and fructose.Also, it's important to train the gut before competition so that you do not experience any accidents.Finally, caffeine can enhance performance if taken 90-120 minutes before exercise on an empty stomach.

    • Fueling for a Successful WorkoutTo ensure success during a workout, consume half a gram of carbohydrates per pound of body weight and a quarter of a gram of protein per pound of body weight.

      Exercise fuel is key to a good workout.When we put our body under strain, it requires energy to keep going.Carbohydrates and proteins are essential for this as they provide the fuel to keep us going and also aid in recovery.Depending on the type of exercise, we may need to fuel prior to the workout, or it may not matter.We can also replenish our fuel throughout the day, even if we don't have it in the few hours before working out.An ideal amount of fuel to ensure success is half a gram of carbohydrates per pound of body weight, and a quarter of a gram of protein per pound of body weight.This will help us perform better and recover faster.

    • The Right Amount of Caffeine for Optimum PerformanceCaffeine can improve performance, but the amount varies depending on the activity and the individual. It is important to know the amount of caffeine consumed when using it for performance enhancement.

      Caffeine has performance enhancing effects, however it's important to know how much to take. Too much can degrade performance.A good starting point for most people is 1-3 milligrams per kilogram of body weight about 30 minutes prior to exercise.Regular users of caffeine may need to adjust the amount depending on the activity.For example, for lower energy activities, it may be wise to reduce the amount of caffeine, while for higher intensity activities, a higher amount may be necessary.It is also important to note that caffeine in coffee and soda can vary greatly, so it's important to know what amount you are consuming.

    • Understanding Caffeine and Neutropic SupplementsCaffeine tablets are a great way to measure your tolerance to caffeine, but there are other supplements such as beet root extract, citraline, and Alpha GPC that can be used for performance boosts and focus. These supplements should be used sparingly and with moderation.

      Caffeine can give us an energy boost, but it is important to be aware of how much you are consuming as it can be quite powerful and vary from one location to the next.To get an objective measure of how much caffeine you can tolerate, try using caffeine tablets.For those who want a performance boost but don't want to use caffeine, there are other supplements such as beet root extract or citraline to consider.Alpha GPC is also a great supplement for focus and alertness, but should be used in moderation and not every day.Finally, these neutropics can be used for more challenging physical or mental tasks, but should only be used sparingly.

    • Supplements and Stimulants: Managing Fatigue CarefullySupplements and stimulants are not a long-term solution for fatigue. Monitor cortisol, source from quality brands, and take single ingredient formulations to understand what works best.

      Educational learnings from this conversation are that supplements and stimulants are not a permanent solution for managing fatigue and that it's important to be careful when taking them.Different supplements have different effects and some can have a negative impact if used in excess.It's also important to source supplements from a single high quality brand and to make sure they are third party certified if necessary.Rhodiola can be helpful in managing cortisol levels, but it is important to monitor cortisol levels to ensure they are going up and down in the right amounts.Finally, it's important to take single ingredient formulations to understand what works for you and what dosages are necessary.

    • Opt for Single Ingredient Formulations When Taking SupplementsAlways opt for single ingredient formulations of supplements to make sure the dosage is correct and you know exactly what you're taking.

      Taking supplements can be a great way to improve your health, but it's important to be aware of the ingredients and dosage.Single ingredient formulations are the most effective way to go so you can tailor your supplementation and make adjustments if something isn't working.This also gives you the freedom to adjust dosage based on the time of day and any other factors that may be affecting you.Taking blends of supplements can be dangerous, as it's hard to know which ingredient is causing any reaction.When taking supplements, always opt for single ingredient formulations to ensure you know what you're taking and that the dosage is correct.

    • Achieving Optimal Health Through Proper Nutrition, Stress Management, Physical Activity, Sleep, and HydrationSupplementation can provide a boost to overall health, but should be used as a supplement and not a replacement. It is important to find products that are third-party certified and tested, and to create a lifestyle that does not rely on supplements.

      Proper nutrition, stress management, physical activity, sleep, and hydration are all essential components of maintaining overall health.Supplementation can provide a boost to all of these areas, but should be used as a supplement, not a replacement.When looking for supplements, it is important to find products that are third-party certified and tested, as this will help ensure that you are getting a quality product with the right dosages.Depending on the type of supplement, it may be necessary to take a break from them in order to ensure that your body does not become dependent.Ultimately, the goal should be to create a lifestyle that does not rely on supplements.

    • Understanding the Benefits of Reducing Dependency on Supplements and MedicationInvest in understanding and solving the root cause of the problem, and increase physical and mental resilience to reduce dependency on supplements or medication.

      Educational learnings from this section are that taking supplements and medication should not be the only way to manage symptoms.Even if taking something temporarily helps with the symptom, it is important to find the root cause of the problem and work on solving it.Additionally, it is important to understand that many of those supplements are potentially dangerous and should be used very carefully with athletes and even more caution with non-athletes.The ultimate goal should be to increase physical and mental resilience and to reduce the dependency on supplements or medication.

    • Supplementing the Right WayBe aware of the effects of supplements and take them as directed, starting with nutrition and behavior as the foundation. Caffeine should be taken 90 to 120 minutes after waking and some supplements need to be taken consistently to gain the benefits.

      Taking the right supplement at the right time can be beneficial in many ways.For instance, caffeine can help enhance memory, focus, and reaction time.However it is important to remember that it's borrowing against the normal variations in wakefulness and sleep and can be disruptive to the system, so it's best to take caffeine 90 to 120 minutes after waking.Additionally, it is important to start with behavior and nutrition as the foundation, and then add in supplements and prescription drugs as needed.It is also important to remember that some supplements need to be taken consistently, like creatine and beta alanine, in order to gain the benefits.However, some supplements can be taken on an as needed basis.Overall, it is important to be aware of the effects of supplements and make sure they are taken as directed.

    • Improving Performance Through Quality SleepTaking the right steps, such as supplements, probiotics, and prebiotics, and using trackers, can help improve sleep quality and overall performance.

      The importance of quality sleep for optimal performance is well known.To improve the quality of sleep, it is advised to consider supplements such as creatine and beta alanine.Additionally, one should consult a qualified physician before taking any probiotics or prebiotics to ensure they are taken with intention.Wearable trackers are also improving and may soon reach the same level of accuracy of a professional sleep study.Ultimately, taking the right steps to ensure quality sleep can be a powerful performance enhancing activity.

    • Create an Optimal Sleeping EnvironmentControl temperature and humidity, avoid light and noise, use negative ionization and keep pets out of the bedroom for better sleep.

      Good sleep is essential for the body and mind to function optimally.To maximize the quality of sleep, it is important to maintain a healthy environment for sleeping.This includes keeping allergen and other pollutants out of the bedroom, controlling temperature and humidity levels, and avoiding light and noise.An additional tip is to use negative ionization, which has been shown to improve sleep quality.Keeping pets out of the bedroom may also be necessary for some individuals.Finally, for those who feel that their sleep issues are more serious and need further investigation, Absolute Rest provides a comprehensive sleep analysis and tailored action plan.

    • Enhancing Sleep Quality with a Healthy Sleep EnvironmentInvest in creating a healthy sleep environment that is tailored to you to improve your sleep quality - consider factors like temperature, light, noise, air quality, and negative ion concentrations. Consider various tools and techniques to further optimise your sleep environment.

      Sleep environment is an important element that affects the quality of sleep.Poor sleep environment can lead to insomnia and other sleep-related issues.It is important to consider the temperature, light, noise and air quality in the environment.Additionally, negative ion concentrations are higher in coastal locations and may help with better sleep.There are tools available such as the time shifter app that can help with jet lag.Further, if dealing with acid reflux, elevating the head of the bed by 6 inches or using a pillow can help.Finally, for snoring and insomnia, one can try mouth tape or myofunctional therapy.To optimise sleep environment, it is important to restrict the bed for only sleeping and sex and avoid sharing the bed with a partner.

    • Sleep Trackers and Wearables: A Balancing ActTo get the most out of sleep trackers and wearables, use night mode, do not disturb or airplane mode overnight and leave your phone out of the room. Additionally, try behavioral tools like the Revere app first, and use supplements like Inositol 900 mg and a sleep stack with Mg, Apigenin and Phin as secondary options.

      Sleep trackers and wearables have become increasingly popular but can cause issues with sleep if used incorrectly.People may become obsessed with optimizing their sleep score, and start to feel dopamine when they check their phone or the sleep tracker first thing in the morning.To avoid this, people should use night mode, do not disturb or airplane mode overnight, or leave their phone out of the room.Additionally, Inositol 900 mg and a sleep stack with Mg, Apigenin and Phin can help people fall back asleep if they wake up in the middle of the night.Finally, the Revere app is a behavioral tool that helps people fall asleep quickly, stay asleep and fall back asleep if they wake up in the middle of the night.People should try behavioral tools first and use supplements as a secondary option.

    • The Fitness Fatigue Model: Optimizing Recovery for Improved PerformanceExercise and recovery, including supplementation and nutrition, are important components of the fitness fatigue model. Reducing fatigue through reduced training volume and intensity and a taper of 3-8 weeks can lead to improved performance.

      Exercise and recovery are key components to achieving fitness goals.The fitness fatigue model states that in order to increase performance, one must reduce fatigue.To reduce fatigue, training volume must be reduced by 50% for every 8 weeks of training.Additionally, intensity should be maintained, and frequency should be reduced only slightly.A taper of 3-8 weeks can lead to a 3-8% improvement in performance.Supplementation and nutrition can also be used to reduce inflammation and aid in recovery.A logical framework of when to take anti-inflammatory supplements and when to avoid them is important for optimizing recovery and achieving fitness goals.

    • Reducing Training Volume with Omega-3s, Curcumin and Awareness.Tapering can be beneficial for performance, however it is important to be aware of the potential side effects of taking curcumin, as it could lead to decreased libido, drive and power output.

      Tapering, or reducing your training volume, can be beneficial for performance.It reduces fatigue, allowing your fast-twitch muscles to recover and increase in size.It also helps reduce inflammation, which can be aided by omega-3s and curcumin.However, everyone reacts differently to curcumin, as it has the potential to reduce DHT, which could lead to decreased libido, drive and power output.So it's important to be aware of this and to try it out to see the effect.If it doesn't work, the effects should be reversed quickly after ceasing to take curcumin.

    • Managing Inflammation for RecoveryGlutamine is a great evidence-based supplement to help with cleanup processes, reducing sugar cravings, and aiding in repair with attention to macronutrients and micronutrients.

      Learning how to manage inflammation in the body is key for recovery.Taking anti-inflammatory and antioxidant supplements should be done with caution and for a specific reason.Glutamine is a great evidence-based supplement to help with the cleanup process.20 grams a day split up into 10 grams in the morning and 10 grams at night can help with this process.Glutamine is considered a low risk product and is found in many recovery products.It can even help with reducing sugar cravings if taken a few times a day in teaspoons.Lastly, when in the remodeling stage, paying attention to macronutrients and micronutrients is essential for repair and should not be neglected even when not working out.

    • Maximizing Recovery with Proper NutritionProper nutrition is key to recovering from an injury. Aim for 1 gram of protein per pound of body weight, and ensure adequate intake of vitamins A, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin D. Tart cherry juice may also help with soreness and sleep.

      In order to recover from an injury, it is important to take in the right amount of calories, protein, carbohydrates, and micronutrients.It is recommended to aim for one gram of protein per pound of body weight, and to keep your fat and carbohydrate ratios in the same spot.Vitamin A, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and vitamin D are important micronutrients, and tart cherry juice may help with soreness and sleep.

    • A Balanced Diet for Optimal PerformanceA balanced diet that includes carbohydrates, protein, and essential fatty acids is essential for optimal performance. Carbohydrate loading prior to endurance events may also help improve performance.

      A balanced diet including carbohydrates, protein and essential fatty acids is important for optimal performance.Carbohydrates help replenish glycogen stores while protein helps build and maintain muscle mass.Intermittent fasting and keto diets can be used but there are no studies that have evaluated their impact on muscle gain.Supplementation with GABA, branch chain amino acids, and essential amino acids may not be necessary if total protein intake is sufficient.Carbohydrate loading over a few days before endurance events may help improve performance.

    • Maximizing Benefits of Post-Exercise RecoveryRehydrating and replenishing muscle glycogen quickly, along with the use of garlic and tart cherry extract, are important for post-exercise recovery. Carbohydrate timing also matters and further information can be found on Examine.com.

      The anabolic window is a real phenomenon where one can maximize the benefits of post-exercise recovery.It is important to rehydrate and replenish muscle glycogen and rebuild tissue quickly after exercise.Garlic and tart cherry extract have been proven to help with recovery from injury and muscle soreness.While the total protein intake throughout the day is more important, timing for things like carbohydrates is very real.For dosages of garlic and cherry extract, one can look up the Human Effect Matrix on Examine.com for more information.

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    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Jamil Zaki, Ph.D., professor of psychology at Stanford University, director of the Stanford Social Neuroscience Laboratory, and the author of the new book Hope for Cynics. We discuss cynicism and its healthier, more adaptive alternative, healthy skepticism, and how embracing healthy skepticism can enhance both our emotional and physical health. We discuss the data on how cynicism affects us as individuals and in relationships, causing lower levels of happiness, poorer physical health, and reduced creativity, trust, and collaboration. He also explains novel data-supported tools that we can use to shift ourselves towards a more informed yet more positive worldview and how to adopt a mindset of “hopeful skepticism” — the ideal stance to navigate life.  Dr. Zaki offers listeners a positive, hopeful view of humanity grounded in cutting-edge research from his laboratory and other top laboratories. He also offers science-supported protocols to navigate relationships in person and online better.  Access the full show notes, including referenced articles, books, people mentioned, and additional resources at hubermanlab.com. Pre-Order Andrew's New Book Protocols: An Operating Manual for the Human Body: https://protocolsbook.com Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman  Maui Nui Venison: https://mauinuivenison.com/huberman  Joovv: https://joovv.com/huberman  Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman  Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman   Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Jamil Zaki 00:02:12 Sponsors: Maui Nui, Joovv & Waking Up 00:06:59 Cynicism 00:12:38 Children, Attachment Styles & Cynicism 00:17:29 Cynicism vs. Skepticism, Complexity 00:23:30 Culture Variability & Trust 00:26:28 Sponsor: AG1 00:27:40 Negative Health Outcomes; Cynicism: Perception & Intelligence 00:35:59 Stereotypes, Threats 00:39:48 Cooperative Environments, Collaboration & Trust 00:44:05 Competition, Conflict, Judgement 00:48:46 Cynics, Awe, “Moral Beauty” 00:55:26 Sponsor: Function 00:57:13 Cynicism, Creativity & Workplace 01:04:19 Assessing Cynicism; Assumptions & Opportunities 01:11:11 Social Media & Cynicism, “Mean World Syndrome” 01:18:35 Negativity Bias, Gossip  01:24:03 Social Media & Cynicism, Polarization, “Hopeful Skepticism”  01:32:59 AI, Bias Correction 01:39:05 Tools: Mindset Skepticism; Reciprocity Mindset; Social Savoring 01:46:05 Tools: Leaps of Faith; Forecasting; Encounter Counting 01:51:33 Tool: Testing & Sharing Core Beliefs 01:58:09 Polarization vs. Perceived Polarization, Politics 02:06:06 Challenging Conversations, Questioning Perceptions  02:14:04 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer & Disclosures
    Huberman Lab
    enSeptember 02, 2024

    Optimal Protocols for Studying & Learning

    Optimal Protocols for Studying & Learning
    In this episode, I discuss science-supported protocols to optimize your depth and rate of learning of material and skills. I explain the neurobiology of learning and neuroplasticity and how correctly timed, self-directed test-taking can be leveraged to improve learning and prevent forgetting.  I discuss the study habits of the most successful learners, ways to limit distractions, how to set study goals, and how tests can be used as tools to learn, not just as a means for evaluating one’s mastery of learned material. A surprising aspect of tests, specifically self-testing soon after exposure to new material, is that they can significantly improve your ability to learn, apply, and maintain new knowledge. I also discuss tools to improve focus and alertness while studying. By the end of this episode, you will have learned various science-supported actionable tools you can use to better learn, remember, and apply new information. Access the full show notes, including referenced articles, books, people mentioned, and additional resources at hubermanlab.com. Andrew's New Book Protocols: An Operating Manual for the Human Body: https://protocolsbook.com Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman  Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman  BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/huberman  Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman  LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman  Timestamps 00:00:00 Improve Studying & Learning 00:02:11 Sponsors: Eight Sleep, BetterHelp & Waking Up 00:06:45 Offsetting Forgetting 00:08:22 Learning & Neuroplasticity 00:13:06 Periodic Testing 00:16:09 Focus & Alertness, Sleep, Tool: Active Engagement 00:21:37 Tool: Improve Focus, Mindfulness Meditation, Perception Exercise 00:24:38 Sleep & Neuroplasticity, Tool: Non-Sleep Deep Rest (NSDR) 00:28:29 Tools: Study Habits of Successful Students 00:36:21 Sponsor: AG1 00:37:33 Studying & Aspiration Goals; Challenging Material 00:42:54 Tool: Testing as a Learning Tool 00:48:23 Self-Testing, Repeated Testing 00:55:29 Testing Yourself & Knowledge Gaps 01:01:11 Sponsor: LMNT 01:02:23 New Material & Self-Test Timing 01:07:21 Familiarity vs Mastery 01:10:55 Self-Testing & Offsetting Forgetting 01:15:53 Best Type of Self-Tests; Phone & Post-Learning Distractions 01:22:03 Tool: Gap Effects; Testing as Studying vs. Evaluation 01:25:40 Tool: Emotion & Learning, PTSD, Deliberate Cold Exposure, Caffeine 01:33:28 Tool: Interleaving Information; Unskilled, Mastery & Virtuosity 01:39:10 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enAugust 26, 2024

    Dr. Teo Soleymani: How to Improve & Protect Your Skin Health & Appearance

    Dr. Teo Soleymani: How to Improve & Protect Your Skin Health & Appearance
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Teo Soleymani, M.D., a double-board-certified dermatologist and specialist in skin cancer and reconstructive surgery. We discuss science and clinically supported protocols to improve skin health and give your skin a more youthful appearance and structure, reducing premature aging and skin cancer risk. We discuss the impact of sun exposure on skin appearance and aging and the surprising relationship between sun exposure and skin cancer. We explain how mineral-based (inorganic) sunscreens differ from chemical (organic) sunscreens, whether sunscreen can minimize premature skin aging, reduce cancer risk, and if there are any health risks associated with sunscreen use. We discuss skincare routines to significantly improve skin appearance and how to select skincare products. We discuss how caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, and stress impact the skin and describe how nutrition and anti-inflammatory diets can improve skin health. We also discuss the causes and treatments for common skin conditions, including dandruff, acne, rosacea, eczema, psoriasis, and vitiligo. Our conversation also covers topics such as the use of retinoids, laser treatments, red-light phototherapy, supplements, and how to best monitor for skin cancer. This episode provides numerous actionable protocols, most of which are zero-to-low cost, for improving skin health and appearance, reducing cancer risk, and treating skin problems. Access the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Pre-order Andrew's new book, Protocols, at protocolsbook.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman ROKA: https://roka.com/huberman Joovv: https://joovv.com/huberman Helix Sleep: https://helixsleep.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Teo Soleymani 00:01:35 Sponsors: ROKA, Joovv & Helix Sleep 00:05:45 Skin Turnover; Skin Appearance & Stress  00:13:35 Caffeine, Vasoconstriction & Skin Redness 00:16:31 Nicotine, Vaping & Skin Appearance 00:18:37 Alcohol, Skin Health 00:24:33 Hydration, Fluid Intake & Genetics 00:26:19 Tool: Selecting a Moisturizer 00:29:28 Sponsor: AG1 00:30:40 Puffiness Under Eyes & Cause 00:32:14 Tool: Skin Cleansing; Frequency, Showers 00:41:57 Dry & Flaky Scalp, Dandruff 00:46:09 Cost & Skincare Products 00:50:20 Tool: Sun Exposure & Skin Health, Mood 00:56:24 Sponsor: LMNT 00:57:35 Sunscreens vs. Sunblocks; Mineral-Based (Inorganic) vs. Chemical (Organic) Sunscreen 01:02:45 Physical Barriers, Sunscreens, Oral Supplements & Skin Cancer 01:07:27 Skin Cancer, Genetics; Sunscreen, Premature Aging 01:12:11 Premature Aging & Skincare 00:15:56 Choose Mineral or Chemical Sunscreen? 01:20:24 Polypodium Supplement, Sun Exposure, Skin Redness 01:26:02 Tool: Selecting Mineral-Based Sunscreens 01:28:30 Chemical Sunscreens & Blood-Brain Barrier 01:30:13 Nutrition, Gut Microbiome & Skin Health 01:34:28 Tool: Nutrition for Skin Health, Protein, Anti-Inflammatory; Collagen; Omega-3 01:42:58 Retinoids vs. Retinol, Skin Appearance 01:49:45 Laser Resurfacing; Exfoliation, Microdermabrasion 01:56:52 Red Light Therapy & Phototherapy, Face Masks, Light Panels 02:04:10 Psoriasis, Phototherapy 02:10:03 Vitiligo, Immune System & Skin Cancer Risk 02:15:41 Acne, High Glycemic Index Foods, Dairy 02:19:38 Rosacea, Types & Treatments 02:23:00 Eczema, Immune System 02:25:37 Popping Pimples & Acne Scars; Corticosteroids 02:30:15 Tattoos; Tool: Monitoring for Skin Cancer, Moles, Annual Exams 02:36:28 HPV, Cancer & Warts; Vaccine & Cancer Risk 02:43:31 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer & Disclosures
    Huberman Lab
    enAugust 19, 2024

    Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin: Nutrition to Support Brain Health & Offset Brain Injuries

    Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin: Nutrition to Support Brain Health & Offset Brain Injuries
    I'm honored to share Episode 10, the final episode of Season 1 of Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin. Dr. Andy Galpin is a tenured full professor at California State University, Fullerton, where he co-directs the Center for Sport Performance and leads the Biochemistry and Molecular Exercise Physiology Laboratory. Andy is both a friend and a colleague, and I'm delighted to have assisted in the creation of this podcast. I'm certain you'll both enjoy and learn from it. Season 1 featured 10 episodes, where Dr. Galpin covered everything from building strength, the importance of strength for long-term health, the science of breathing, the benefits of sleep extension, genetic testing for personalized training, and nutrition for injury recovery. While we have Episode 10 of Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin here, please be sure to follow Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin on your preferred platform to listen to all the episodes from Season 1 and to get notified when Season 2 is released. Show notes for this episode can be found at performpodcast.com. Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction from Dr. Andrew Huberman 00:01:08 Brain Health & Injury   00:05:06 Sponsors: LMNT & Continuum   00:08:16 Nutrition & Supplements for Brain Injury   00:12:44 Brain Injury Categories, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Concussion   00:17:09 Brain Injury Pathophysiology   00:22:16 Burst Capillaries, Initial TBI Response   00:30:03 Delayed TBI Response, Neuroinflammation   00:34:19 Sponsors: Momentous & Maui Nui   00:36:52 Creatine Monohydrate; Second Impact Syndrome   00:41:52 Strength of Evidence Scale, Creatine   00:47:15 Creatine Doses, Frequency, Adverse Issues; Food Sources   00:53:22 Sponsors: AG1 & David Protein   00:56:05 Fish Oil, DHA, EPA   01:00:38 EPA & DHA Dosage, Timing, Adverse Issues; Food Sources; Omega-3 Index   01:04:46 Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B   01:08:57 Riboflavin Dosages, Timing; Food Sources   01:11:25 Choline   01:18:37 Choline Supplements & Food Sources, Alpha GPC, Dosage   01:21:30 Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs), Sleep   01:25:04 BCAAs Dosage, Whole Food Sources   01:28:02 Magnesium   01:31:20 Magnesium Dosage, Timing, Supplements, Adverse Issue; Food Sources   01:33:09 Blueberry Anthocyanins   01:35:28 Anthocyanins Dosage; Food Sources   01:37:17 Caffeine & Brain Injury Recovery   01:38:50 Perform Episodes, Perform Newsletter, Acknowledgements   01:41:19 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Subscribe & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Social Media   01:42:56 Conclusion by Andrew Huberman   Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enAugust 14, 2024

    Dr. Layne Norton: Tools for Nutrition & Fitness

    Dr. Layne Norton: Tools for Nutrition & Fitness
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Layne Norton, Ph.D., one of the world’s top experts in nutrition and training for physical fitness. We discuss how to evaluate scientific evidence and the validity of different practices aimed at achieving fat loss, muscle strength and hypertrophy, microbiome health, vitality, and longevity. We explore many hotly debated topics, including fasting, seed oils, saturated fats, sugar, red meat, artificial/low-calorie sweeteners, and GLP-1 agonists (e.g., Ozempic). Additionally, we delve into the timing of protein and carbohydrate intake relative to fasting and exercise, fat loss and sleep, and the benefits of dietary protein and fiber on overall health. We also discuss how to accelerate hypertrophy and fat loss, improve strength, whether we need to train to “failure,” how to enhance exercise recovery, and how to manage pain. We cover training before versus after age 50, whether metabolism changes with age, and the connection between muscle health and longevity. We also address why certain behaviors and supplements might work for some people but not others. Listeners to this episode will benefit greatly from Layne’s science-based expertise on a wide range of topics, including health, nutrition, and fitness. Access the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman Mateina: https://drinkmateina.com/huberman Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/huberman Maui Nui: https://mauinuivenison.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Layne Norton 00:01:49 Sponsors: Mateina, Eight Sleep, Maui Nui 00:06:39 Science-Based Evidence, Mechanism vs. Outcome 00:14:31 Meta-analysis, Methods, Evidence Quality 00:22:45 Evidence Hierarchy, Randomized Controlled Trials, Cohort Data 00:33:53 Sponsor: AG1 00:35:05 “Don’t Turn Your Brain Off”; Protein Synthesis 00:42:01 Protein Synthesis, Refractory Response; Resistance Training   00:46:05 Protein Intake, Intermittent Fasting & Training 00:54:52 Tool: Total Protein Intake, Distribution & Protein Synthesis 01:00:25 Muscle Quality, Protein Remodeling, Muscle Growth 01:05:34 Sponsor: LMNT 01:06:46 Early vs. Late Time-Restricted Eating; Fasting Blood Glucose & HbA1c 01:10:30 Carbohydrate Timing, Individual Response, Placebo; Tool: Tracking Diet 01:19:50 “The Norton Method”; Tool: Consistency 01:25:16 Resistance & Cardiovascular Training; Competition; Immune System & Rest 01:33:50 Mind & Body Effects, Stress; Belief Effects 01:41:30 Training to Failure, Reps in Reserve, Hypertrophy & Strength Training 01:50:24 Fatigue & Training to Failure, Speed, Strength Training 01:59:06 Tool: Training After 50, Consistency 02:09:12 Fat Cells, Diabetes, Exercise 02:16:50 Metabolism & Age-Related Changes?, Appetite 02:23:17 Ozempic, Mounjaro, GLP-1 Agonists, Lean Mass, “Food Noise” 02:33:42 GLP-1 Agonists, Judgement & Obesity 02:40:19 Sugar, Excess Calories, Body Weight 02:49:16 Satiety, Sugar & Calorie Budget 02:54:56 Tool: Individualization, Context & Diet Psychology 02:57:22 Seed Oils, Butter, Olive Oil 03:06:56 Red Meat, Carcinogenic?; Simple Diet; Fiber Benefits 03:13:43 Saturated Fat, Cholesterol; Seed Oils 03:18:41 Artificial & Low-Calorie Sweeteners, Insulin, Appetite 03:29:06 Artificial & Low-Calorie Sweeteners, Gut Microbiome; Cancer 03:37:58 Tools: Training Recovery, Glycogen Replenishment; Stress & Activity 03:45:56 Collagen Supplementation, Skin & Nails, Whey Protein 03:57:00 Evidence-Based Approach 04:01:41 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer & Disclosures
    Huberman Lab
    enAugust 12, 2024

    Dr. Martha Beck: Access Your Best Self With Mind-Body Practices, Belief Testing & Imagination

    Dr. Martha Beck: Access Your Best Self With Mind-Body Practices, Belief Testing & Imagination
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Martha Beck, Ph.D., a Harvard-trained sociologist, bestselling author, and one of the world’s foremost experts on personal exploration and development.  Dr. Beck shares specific frameworks and practices to tap into your unique and deepest desires, core truths, and best life direction—all elements that comprise your authentic self. She also explains how to align your work and relationships of all kinds with your true self and how to embrace the discomfort and process of leaving unhealthy relationships. We discuss how to deal with negative thoughts and emotions, grapple with societal norms, and improve body awareness to gauge your inner truth. We also discuss codependency and self-abandonment - and how to exit and recover from these experiences.  By the end of the episode, you will have learned numerous practical tools to access your best self and live a richly fulfilling life.  Access the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Dr. Beck's Wayfinder Life Coach Training: https://marthabeck.com/life-coach-training Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/huberman Helix Sleep: https://helixsleep.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Martha Beck 00:01:34 Sponsors: BetterHelp, Helix Sleep & LMNT 00:05:34 Tool: Perfect Day Exercise 00:15:31 “Clear Eyed”, Male vs. Female 00:23:31 Family & Work; Directed Attention & Miracles 00:30:21 Sponsor: AG1 00:32:10 Unease, Restlessness & Guilt; Life Worth, Fear 00:37:22 Accessing the Subconscious; Compassionate Witness Self 00:46:16 Finding Self, Suffering, Anxiety; Tool: “KIST”, Self-Parenting 00:54:01 Self, Radiance, Death; Awakening 00:59:14 Suffering & Compassionate Attention 01:02:10 Challenging Internal Thoughts, Understanding Truth, Body & Mind; 01:08:44 Sponsor: Waking Up 01:10:20 Western Society & Pressure 01:18:30 Tool: Sensing Truth in Body; Meditation, “Stopping the World” 01:25:02 Energy, Magnetoreception, Pet’s Death 01:33:49 Lying to Ourselves, Addiction 01:38:18 Tool: “Integrity Cleanse”, Lies; The Light 01:47:32 Relationship with Loss; Love, Self-Abandonment & Codependency 01:55:10 Romantic Relationships; Jobs & Family 02:02:06 Hurting Others, Relationship Imbalance 02:06:55 Tool: True Empathy 02:11:26 “Happiness is an Inside Job”, Codependency 02:18:58 Live Your Joy, Western Society 02:24:41 Relationships, Love & Integrity, “Feeling Good By Looking Weird” 02:30:42 “I Like It!”, Punk Rock Music, Love 02:34:24 Honesty & Essential Self; Helping People & Healers 02:42:12 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer & Disclosures
    Huberman Lab
    enAugust 05, 2024

    AMA #18: Cold Therapy Advice, Skin Health Tips, Motivation, Learning Strategies & More

    AMA #18: Cold Therapy Advice, Skin Health Tips, Motivation, Learning Strategies & More
    Welcome to a special edition of the 18th Ask Me Anything (AMA) episode, part of Huberman Lab Premium. This episode is a recording of the live stream AMA, exclusive to our Premium members. We've decided to make the full-length version available to everyone, including non-members of Huberman Lab Premium. Huberman Lab Premium was launched for two main reasons. First, it was launched in order to raise support for the main Huberman Lab podcast — which will continue to come out every Monday at zero-cost. Second, it was launched as a means to raise funds for important scientific research. A significant portion of proceeds from the Huberman Lab Premium subscription will fund human research (not animal models) selected by Dr. Huberman, with a dollar-for-dollar match from the Tiny Foundation and other donors. If you're not yet a member but enjoyed this full-length livestream AMA, we invite you to join Huberman Lab Premium. By subscribing, you'll gain access to exclusive benefits including our regular monthly full-length AMA episodes, AMA transcripts, podcast episode transcripts, early access to live events and more. Additionally, a significant portion of your membership proceeds contributes to advancing human scientific research. You can learn more about the research we were able to support in our Annual Letter 2023. If you're a Huberman Lab Premium member, you can access the transcript for this AMA episode here. Timestamps 00:00 Introduction & Announcements 00:15 Supporting Mental & Physical Health Research 01:56 Exciting New Research Initiatives 03:39 Skin Health & Appearance 14:46 Cold Therapy Benefits & Guidelines 21:18 Self-Motivation Strategies 27:05 Understanding REM Sleep 28:45 Morning Routine: Exercise & Cold Exposure 29:17 The Importance of REM Sleep 29:49 Non-Sleep Deep Rest (NSDR) Protocols 31:27 REM Sleep Rebound & Compensation 32:55 Impactful School Strategies for Learning 34:19 Meditation & Micro Gaps in Learning 39:13 Physical Activity & Learning 41:01 Exploring Shilajit & Testosterone 47:51 Writing Process & Overcoming Obstacles 51:32 Addiction & Recovery Resources 53:47 Closing Remarks & Gratitude Disclaimer & Disclosures
    Huberman Lab
    enAugust 02, 2024

    Dr. Peter Attia: Supplements for Longevity & Their Efficacy

    Dr. Peter Attia: Supplements for Longevity & Their Efficacy
    In this episode, my guest is Dr. Peter Attia, M.D., a Stanford and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine-trained physician expert in improving human healthspan and lifespan. Dr. Attia is also the host of The Drive podcast and author of the best-selling book Outlive.  We discuss the NAD pathway in human cells and its possible links to aging and health. We evaluate how supplementation can augment molecules in the NAD pathway; we compare NAD, NMN, and NR, different routes of administration, their safety, and bioavailability. Then, we discuss the broader research and clinical literature on longevity to decide if supplementation with NAD, NR, NMN, rapamycin, or resveratrol can indeed extend lifespan.  Finally, we each describe our supplement regimens and compare the role of supplementation to behaviors such as sleep, nutrition, and exercise for longevity. We also discuss whether tests of biological age are true indicators of aging and whether normal radiation levels increase cancer risk.  Listeners of this episode will learn if supplements purported to improve lifespan show any efficacy and the behaviors and other factors that can prevent disease and extend lifespan. Access the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Levels: https://levels.link/huberman Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/huberman Timestamps 00:00:00 Dr. Peter Attia, NAD Pathway 00:02:31 Sponsors: LMNT, Levels & Eight Sleep 00:06:38 Categories of Longevity Approaches 00:17:22 Peter’s Supplements; Rapamycin & Research Data 00:25:01 NAD Pathway: Energy & DNA Repair; Knock-Out & Knock-In, Klotho 00:30:35 Sponsor: AG1 00:32:25 Yeast, Sirtuins, Caloric Restriction & Lifespan 00:38:56 Sirtuins, Transgenic Mice, Gender & Lifespan 00:43:42 DNA Repair, Sirtuins, Cancer; Resveratrol 00:53:31 Perform with Dr. Andy Galpin Podcast 00:54:18 NAD & NADH, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Mitochondrial Health 01:02:17 NAD vs NR vs NMN Supplementation; IV & Oral Routes 01:11:33 NR vs. NMN, Doses, Side Effects; Interventions Testing Program 01:17:43 Fatty Liver Disease & NR; NMN & Glucose; Clinical Significance 01:25:17 Safety & FDA, NMN & NR Supplementation; Skin Cancer Benefits 01:30:38 Longevity, NR & NMN Supplementation, Inflammation 01:41:00 Rapamycin & Immune Function 01:44:37 Biological Aging Tests, Chronologic & Biologic Age; Vigor  01:55:24 Radiation & Cancer Risk 01:58:12 Tool: Self-Care in 50s-70s & Aging; Energy Decline 02:07:12 Tool: Exercise Timing & Energy Levels 02:11:22 Peter’s Supplements 02:18:46 Andrew’s Supplements 02:24:34 Tool: Supplement Use vs. Critical Behaviors; Titanic Analogy  02:26:52 NAD Pathway Supplementation for Longevity? 02:28:52 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer
    Huberman Lab
    enJuly 29, 2024

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