Podcast Summary
The Importance of Blood Work for Optimal Health and Longevity: Regular blood work assessments can help predict health risks and monitor markers of inflammation and metabolic health. Understand the two vectors of longevity, and get blood work done every few years to monitor lifespan and healthspan.
In order to optimize vitality and extend lifespan, Dr. Peter Attia emphasizes the importance of blood work as an assessment tool. Blood work can help predict risk and detect markers of inflammation, endothelial health and metabolic health. However, it has some blind spots especially in detecting biomarkers for cancer. Dr. Attia recommends taking everything back to the objective and analyzing blood work based on the individual's goal towards optimal health. It is important to understand the two vectors that make up longevity - lifespan and healthspan. Blood work is essential to evaluate lifespan, which is pretty binary. A person is either alive or not. It is recommended that a person starts getting blood work at an age when they are concerned about their health and should continue to get it every few years.
The role of testing biomarkers in predicting lifespan, cognitive health, and healthspan: Regular blood testing helps to identify potential risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease, while cognitive and functional testing provide a better understanding of overall healthspan. Emotional well-being is crucial but cannot be identified by biomarkers. Early screening for genetic markers is also essential.
Blood testing of biomarkers provides insights into lifespan and can stratify risk for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Cognitive testing can also imply good cognitive health as you age and reduce the risk of dementia. For healthspan, functional testing like DXA CPA, VO, two max, zone two lactate testing, and fat oxidation provide more insight. Emotional well-being is also important for optimizing health, but there are no biomarkers that give insight into it. Everyone should be screened early in life for genetic drivers of atherosclerosis, such as LP little a. The frequency of blood testing should be based on interventions and only used when something changes, as it provides a static look at a window in time.
The Importance of DEXA Scan in Measuring Overall Health.: DEXA scan is a more effective measure of overall health than weight or BMI. It provides information about body fat, bone mineral density, and other important metrics. For women nearing or going through menopause, bone mineral density is a crucial indicator of health.
Measuring body weight through quantitative measurements like BMI can be crude. A DEXA scan, which uses moving x-rays, is more effective in providing information about body fat, bone mineral density, visceral fat, and other metrics. Of these, bone mineral density, which speaks to the risk of osteoporosis and osteopenia, is more important than body fat, especially for women nearing or going through menopause. Estrogen is the hormone that regulates bone mineral density. Hence, DEXA scan is a better measure of overall health than weight or BMI for typical people. However, a DEXA scan should be appropriately calibrated, and the operator should know how to use it.
Prioritizing Bone Health through Exercise and Medication Management.: Strength training, balanced medication use, and proper nutrition are essential tools in maintaining and improving bone mineral density, especially before the age of 25. Working with a doctor is critical for managing risk and improving overall quality of life.
Bone health is critical, especially in aging populations, as fractures can lead to high morbidity and mortality rates. Monitoring Bone Mineral Density (BMD) through Z-scores is important and strength training, particularly powerlifting, is the best way to improve and maintain BMD. The critical window for potential bone growth and development is up to age 25, and large amounts of inhaled and topical corticosteroids during this period can be detrimental to BMD. Managing this risk involves nutrition, hormones, drugs, and training, and it's essential to work with a doctor to balance medication and bone health. Overall, prioritizing bone health through exercise and medication management can lead to better quality of life and longevity.
The Importance of Strength Training for Bone Mineral Density and Longevity: Strength training using heavy loads with less repetitions and longer rest periods can improve bone health, even for people in their thirties, forties, and fifties. Training the whole body is crucial for optimal bone health, particularly in the hips and lumbar spine. It's never too late to start strength training.
Strength training is important for bone mineral density and longevity. It is essential to prevent the fall off as men and women age. Even people in their thirties or forties or fifties could still benefit from strength training in terms of bone mineral density. Heavy loads that are hard to move, anywhere from one to six repetitions, typically not aiming for hypertrophy, done with long rest periods through two to three times a week. Strength training is such an essential part of our existence that it's never too late to start. The effects of strength training are mostly local; training the whole body is essential for bone health especially at the left hip, the right hip, and the lumbar spine.
Planning for a Fulfilling Marginal Decade.: Develop a detailed plan for your last decade of life. Use back casting to break down goals into measurable metrics. Train for what you want to achieve just like an athlete practices for an event to prepare for a fulfilling life during this decade.
Develop a plan for your marginal decade - the last decade of your life - by articulating what you want it to look like in exquisite detail. This helps design a program to maintain high bone mineral density, which is important not only for reducing risks of injury but also for enjoying a fulfilling life during this decade. Back casting is a useful technique to break down the objective function into measurable metrics. This exercise is relevant for all, and it is essential to train for what you want to achieve. Just like you can't prepare for an athletic event without knowing what it is, you need to know what you want to achieve during your marginal decade to prepare for it.
The Importance of Backcasting and Identifying Prime Movers for Longevity.: As we age, our maximal oxygen uptake decreases, making it crucial to assess our strength and stability through a backcasting exercise. Avoiding smoking, exercising regularly, and having a healthy diet are prime movers for longevity and help to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.
Maximal uptake of oxygen declines at about 8% to 10% per decade. It is important to do a backcasting exercise for strength and stability to find out if you are below where you need to be for the future. The gravity of aging is more vicious than people realize, so it's essential to be fitter. Backcasting approach is useful for setting and achieving long-term goals. Smoking increases the risk of all-cause mortality by approximately 40%, shortening life expectancy. It's important to focus on all-cause mortality, which is agnostic to how you die. It is essential to identify the prime movers for longevity, like avoiding smoking, exercising regularly, and having a healthy diet.
Improving Muscle Mass, Strength, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness to Lower Mortality Risk: Building muscle mass, strength, and improving cardiorespiratory fitness through regular exercise can significantly reduce the risk of all-cause mortality, making it an important aspect of healthy living over dietary supplements.
Improving muscle mass and strength can significantly lower the risk of all-cause mortality as individuals age. Studies show that individuals with low muscle mass have a 3x hazard ratio or 200% increase in all-cause mortality compared to individuals with high muscle mass. However, the improvement in mortality is not solely due to muscle mass but also strength. High strength can reduce mortality risk by approximately 250%. Similarly, cardiorespiratory fitness is another powerful predictor of mortality risk, which can be increased through regular exercise. By attaining high muscle mass, strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of early mortality. Therefore, supplement regimes and diet plans should be secondary to exercise routines when emphasizing healthy living practices.
Setting Fitness Goals for Better Health: Dead hang for a minute, do a 2 min wall squat, and farmer carry half body weight for 2 mins to measure grip strength, mobility, balance, and cardiovascular health. Running a mile in 7-8 mins can indicate VO2 max, which can indirectly indicate overall health. Exercise and sensory enrichment benefit brain health.
Dr. Attia and Dr. Huberman discuss the importance of fitness goals for overall health. They suggest aiming to dead hang for at least a minute, doing a two-minute wall squat, and being able to farmer carry half your body weight in each hand for two minutes. These goals help to measure grip strength, mobility and balance, and overall cardiovascular health. They also suggest measuring VO2 max by running a mile in under seven or eight minutes. These measurements can provide indirect measures of overall health and how long one can live. Similarly, animal studies suggest that exercise and sensory enrichment can benefit brain health by increasing neuron size and connections.
The Benefits of Exercise on Brain Health and Alzheimer's Risk Reduction: Exercise has a significant impact on brain health and can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Starting with 15 met hours per week can lead to a 50% reduction in risk. Exercise, such as swimming, jogging, or playing sports, can also have long-term benefits on cognitive function and overall health for people in their later years.
Exercise is the single best thing one can do for the brain, as it affects every aspect of the brain. Going from being completely sedentary to doing 15 met hours per week can result in a 50% reduction in Alzheimer's risk. However, there is more potential upside than what the data can capture. The health span, or functional ability in your marginal decade, should also be taken into account. Nobel prize winners in their 90s advocate for exercise like swimming, jogging, or playing sports multiple times per week, proving that exercise can have long-term benefits on cognitive function and overall health.
The Cognitive-Enhancing Properties of Nicotine: Benefits and Risks: Nicotine, when used in appropriate dosages and not smoked, can offer cognitive benefits but is addictive. It may be safer than stimulants for cognitive enhancement amid sleep deprivation or studying, but caution should be exercised.
While exercise has been linked to intellectual vigor, there is a potential for cognitive enhancement with the use of nicotine. However, it should be noted that nicotine can be addictive and caution should be taken with dosages. The cognitive-enhancing properties of nicotine are potentially safer than stimulants, which have a high potential for abuse. Non-prescribed use of stimulants is rampant, particularly on college campuses, but they should only be used under the care of a professional. Nicotine should not be smoked but can be taken in the form of lozenges or patches. The use of nicotine has not been proven to prevent Alzheimer's, but it offers cognitive benefits amid sleep deprivation.
Optimize Environment and Acetylcholine System to Improve Focus and Know the Importance of Hormone Therapies for Women.: Create a distraction-free environment to improve focus. Boost acetylcholine system with nicotine or natural supplements. Hormone replacement therapy is crucial for women in menopause and starting it earlier can have better clinical outcomes.
In today's world, distractions like email, social media, and personal devices are major contributors to decreased focus. Changing our environment and reducing distractions significantly improves focus. Additionally, augmenting the acetylcholine system enhances focus, and nicotine does it potentently. Hormone therapies are crucial for women in menopause, and hormone replacement therapies before or at the onset of menopause have better clinical outcomes. The biggest screw-up in the medical field in the last 25 years has been the failure to provide proper hormone replacement therapy for women.
Effective Menopause Treatment without Hormones Key Takeaway: Understanding how progesterone works during the menstrual cycle can lead to effective treatment plans for PMs symptoms without the need for hormones.: Subtitle: Effective Menopause Treatment without Hormones Understanding how progesterone works during the menstrual cycle can lead to effective treatment plans for PMs symptoms without the need for hormones.
Women going through menopause do not necessarily need to be placed on hormones as the commonly held belief suggested in the past. Understanding how estrogen and progesterone work during a woman's menstrual cycle can help develop effective treatment plans for symptoms like PMs. Progesterone is the hormone that dominates the second half of a woman's menstrual cycle. Stabilizing progesterone levels with a low dose of the hormone during the last half of the luteal phase or the entire luteal phase can help alleviate PMs symptoms. Understanding the progesterone receptors located in the brain can also provide valuable insights for developing effective treatments.
The Importance of Combining Estrogen and Progesterone in Hormone Replacement Therapy: Hormone replacement therapy should include both estrogen and progesterone to be effective and safe, as estrogen alone can increase the risk of uterine cancer. It's important to consider limitations of clinical trials and real-world patient populations when evaluating the benefits and risks of HRT.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) requires both estrogen and progesterone to be effective and safe. Giving estrogen alone to women who still have their uterus can increase the risk of uterine cancer. The W H I study showed that HRT can improve symptoms and lower the risk of certain diseases, but the study had limitations, including a disproportionately unhealthy patient population, starting treatment after menopause, and excluding symptomatic patients. When looking at clinical trials, it's important to consider how closely the study population matches the patients being treated in the real world.
Risks of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) with CEE and MPA: Bio-identical estradiol and micronized progesterone are a safer alternative for HRT. Using MPA can increase the risk of heart disease and breast cancer, while estrogen use without MPA may not significantly increase the risk of breast cancer.
The use of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) and synthetic progesterone (MPA) in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has potential risks. While the initial report claimed that HRT can increase the risk of breast cancer, the study actually showed an absolute risk increase of only one case in a thousand. Bio-identical estradiol and micronized progesterone are the current HRT options available. Moreover, using MPA caused some issues in the study, including a small increase in the risk of heart disease and possibly a higher incidence of breast cancer. The study showed that the use of estrogen without MPA did not increase the risk of breast cancer significantly, but more research needs to be done on this.
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Women's Health: Hormone Replacement Therapy can reduce the risk of heart disease in women, but different forms of estrogen and progesterone may be necessary for individual needs. Caution is needed when using testosterone therapy, and more research is needed on the long-term effects of estrogen use.
HRT using topical estrogen or patches of estrogen can reduce the risk of heart disease in women. It does not increase the blood's clotting ability. Women with PMs cannot always tolerate progesterone. For such women, a progesterone-coated IUD may be a lifesaving intervention. Long-term effects of estrogen chronic use through oral contraception in women is not clear. Low doses of synthetic estrogen may be used for symptomatic relief in women with premenopausal conditions. Testosterone therapy for women is prescribed with caution as there is little data on its effects.
Testosterone Replacement Therapy: The Dos and Don'ts for Women and Men: Women with low testosterone can benefit from topical treatments, while men should prioritize lifestyle changes before considering hormone replacement therapy. Proper monitoring of free testosterone and SHBG levels is important, and cautious use of micro-dosing can be beneficial but must be regulated carefully.
When it comes to testosterone in women, there is no clear data on the sweet spot. However, if a woman has staggeringly low testosterone levels, leading to difficulty in putting on muscle mass and low libido, topical testosterone can be a viable solution. On the other hand, hormone replacement therapy in men should not be the first preference if they're not exercising appropriately, sleeping decently, and having a proper nutrition. Instead, comprehensive lifestyle changes should be attempted. If required, testosterone treatments can be prescribed adhering to the proper levels of free testosterone and SHBG. Micro-dosing of Avar can be used to distract the SHBG from testosterone binding. However, this must be implemented cautiously, as it can lead to adverse effects if not regulated properly.
Understanding Hormones and HBG Levels: Genetics, insulin, and estradiol influence HBG levels. Lowering insulin may lower free testosterone in the short run while Tonga Ali and stinging nettle extract may reduce HBG. Maintaining appropriate DHT levels is important for mood and sexual function.
There are three hormones that affect HBG - estradiol, insulin, and thyroxine. Higher insulin suppresses HBG while higher estradiol increases it. Genetics plays a huge role in HBG levels, and individuals may have different set points for HBG. Lowering insulin to get metabolically healthy may lower free testosterone in the short run by increasing SHBG. Supplements like Tonga Ali and stinging nettle extract may reduce HBG, but their mode of action is not clear. DHT should be maintained in the appropriate range for better mood and sexual function. Overall, the focus should be on maintaining higher free testosterone and lower HBG levels in the body.
Considerations for Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Optimal Levels: Normalizing testosterone levels can improve glycemic control, insulin signaling, and exercise results. Clomid can increase FSH and LH for testosterone boost. Optimal range of testosterone levels with high estradiol levels yield better outcomes. The use of Avax is not worth the liver function issues.
Testosterone replacement therapy should be considered based on symptoms and biomarkers. Normalizing free testosterone or taking it to a level that's called 80th to 90th percentile should be the first order question. Testosterone improves glycemic control and insulin signaling. Clomid is a fertility drug that can increase FSH and LH and boost testosterone levels in response. Normalizing testosterone facilitates better results from exercise and other treatments. Low estrogen levels can cause adiposity, and testosterone levels in the range of 30 to 50 nanograms per deciliter with high estradiol levels yield better outcomes. The use of Avax to lower HG is complicated and not worth the hassle as it can create liver function issues.
Optimizing Hormone Replacement Therapy: Before starting hormone replacement therapy, it is important to identify the root cause of the deficiency. Clomid can restore normal testosterone production in some cases. Lower doses of testosterone given frequently are safer and aromatase inhibitors may not always be needed.
The synthetic compounds found in testosterone, estrogen, and growth hormone were designed to treat specific syndromes related to the hypothalamus or pituitary. Giving a hormone that is missing without attention to where the deficiency is not the ideal treatment approach. For example, a low testosterone level may be due to low pituitary signal in a 35-year-old man, so giving more testosterone may not be necessary. A course of Clomid may help wake him up and restore normal testosterone production. For TRT, lower doses of testosterone given frequently are better and physiologic dose is a safe way to avoid side effects. Aromatase inhibitors may not be needed, and testicular atrophy may occur, which can be suppressed by maintaining fertility.
Importance of Measuring Cholesterol and Sterol Markers for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment: Measuring sterol levels is crucial in assessing cardiovascular disease risk. Clomid is no longer prescribed due to its potential for rising sterol levels, while HCG and testosterone are more advisable with proven safety and efficacy in reproductive medicine. Fido gratis is not recommended due to its unknown long-term safety and efficacy.
Measuring cholesterol and sterol markers are important in assessing cardiovascular disease risk. Sterol, which is inhibited by the enzyme Delta 24, desaturate, creates more oxidative stress than cholesterol in the endothelium. Therefore, high levels of sterol may not be a good thing. Clomid is not prescribed anymore due to the concern of rising sterol levels, and HCG is preferred because it preserves testicular function. Fido gratis, a supplement that increases Lutin hormone, is not recommended as its long-term safety and efficacy are unknown. Using HCG or testosterone is more advisable as they have years of data and are used commonly in reproductive medicine.
Considerations and strategies for supplement use.: A logical and informed approach to supplement use can minimize unintended effects. Testosterone therapy requires careful dosing, while rapamycin's potential for ovarian health preservation requires further investigation. Injectable testosterone is a preferable aid over creams and pellets.
Supplement intake should be based on careful thought and logic. Understanding the logic of why a supplement is taken can reduce any unwanted impact. Some people are fanatic and use many supplements, whereas some take none. The use of rapamycin for preserving ovarian health is an interesting area that needs further clinical testing. Testosterone therapy requires aromatase inhibition and microdoses in some individuals. It is important to maintain estradiol levels between 30-50, as being too low can cause issues. Injectable testosterone aids are better than creams or pellets as dosages become more controllable.
Considerations for Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT): TRT should only be considered as a last resort, and those looking to preserve fertility should opt for HCG. High doses can lead to side effects, but physiologic doses may not. Regular monitoring is necessary, and TRT should only be administered by a physician.
Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) should only be considered when all other methods have been exhausted. TRT can significantly impact fertility and men who wish to preserve this function should opt for HCG instead. High doses of testosterone can cause bloating, water retention, acne, and hair loss. However, physiologic doses of testosterone, such as 100 milligrams per week, do not normally cause these side effects. TRT should only be prescribed by a physician and should be administered through subcutaneous injections unless patients have a needle phobia. HCG should be used to preserve fertility before considering TRT even for young men. Patients who opt for TRT should regularly monitor their LDL, blood pressure, and water retention.
The Truth About Testosterone and Physical Performance.: Testosterone is a tool for better physical performance, but an overemphasis on it is not the solution. Nutrition, training, and other factors also play a crucial role. Mindset is important, too.
Testosterone is not a magic bullet for better physical performance and appearance. It's only a tool that provides the ability to work harder and recover better from workouts. Overemphasis on testosterone could lead to an unhealthy lifestyle and overtraining. The correlation between absolute testosterone levels and physical appearance is low, and efforts must be taken to check estrogen levels and free testosterone levels. Nutrition and training play an equally important role in shaping an individual's physique. Fixing testosterone levels can improve insulin resistance, but one needs to put in additional effort to receive maximum benefits from muscle protein synthesis. The psychological effect of testosterone makes an individual feel motivated and capable of putting effort into their workout.
Understanding the Role of Cholesterol in the Body and its Impact on Health: Although dietary cholesterol does not directly increase LDL and HDL levels, excessive consumption of saturated fat may lead to elevated levels. Maintaining a balanced diet with some saturated fat can still be healthy. It's important to read LDL and HDL levels in terms of their healthy range.
Cholesterol is important for the body as it makes up the cell membrane and is the backbone of hormones. The cholesterol you eat does not necessarily make it into your body. The body has cells that regulate the cholesterol levels and decide whether to let it circulate in the body or not. Eating foods that are rich in cholesterol does not directly relate to serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels. Dietary cholesterol per se does not increase the LDL levels, however, eating excessive saturated fat might increase them. LDL and HDL levels of an individual should be read in terms of their healthy range and a balanced diet including some saturated fat can still be beneficial for health.
The Role of Lipoproteins in Cholesterol Health.: Eating saturated fats can increase LDL cholesterol, which can build up in the arteries. Understanding lipoproteins, such as HDL and LDL, is crucial for maintaining healthy cholesterol levels.
Despite dietary cholesterol playing no role in serum cholesterol, eating saturated fats, especially in large amounts, can raise LDL cholesterol. Cholesterol needs to be transported between cells, which is why it is packaged into lipoproteins. Lipoproteins exist in different densities, such as HDL and LDL, and the total cholesterol concentration in the circulation is the sum of their cholesterol content. High density lipoprotein (HDL) is responsible for picking up excess cholesterol and returning it to the liver, while low density lipoprotein (LDL) can build up in the arteries. LP little a is another type of cholesterol particle to consider. Understanding the different types of lipoproteins and their function is key to understanding cholesterol health.
APO B and Atherosclerosis: Understanding the Link and Reducing Risk: APO B concentration determines the level of LDL and VLDL particles, which are linked to atherosclerosis. Reducing carbohydrates and saturated fats can help lower cholesterol and triglycerides, but high fat intake can still raise APO B. Maintaining APO B levels close to the birth level can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, which starts early in life.
The causative agent of Atherosclerosis is APO B, which is necessary but not sufficient to develop atherosclerosis. The concentration of LDL and VLDL particles is determined by APO B. To target APO B, one needs to reduce cholesterol and triglycerides, which can be done by reducing carbohydrates and saturated fats. However, reducing triglycerides through high fat intake can still raise APO B. Autopsy studies show that cardiovascular disease starts taking hold in people as young as 18-20 years old and is a lifelong disease. It's important to keep APO B levels as close to the level at birth as possible, which for most people is around 20-30 milligrams per deciliter.
The Benefits and Misconceptions of Statins for Heart Health: Statins remain a reliable medication in lowering the risk of heart disease, with minimal side effects. Alternate drugs are available for patients with adverse responses and the combination of medication benefits patients in improving their lifespan.
Statins are a tried and true drug that inhibit cholesterol synthesis, use LDL receptors to pull LDL out of circulation, and can lower the risk of heart disease. Despite statin-hating propaganda, their side effect profile is very benign with only 5% of people experiencing muscle soreness. Clinical trials show no evidence of statins impairing cognition or accelerating the risk of neurodegenerative disease. When a patient is having an adverse response to statins, other drugs like ezetimibe, Benon acid, or PCSK nine inhibitors can be tried. 80% of patients over 45 are on a combination of these drugs with the objective of helping people live as long as possible, as cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent cause of death globally.
APO B and the Importance of Treating Atherosclerosis: Medicine should shift from treating risk to identifying causative agents early on to prevent disease. APO B should receive more attention in treating atherosclerosis, and individuals should prioritize their own health decisions.
The conversation around APO B and its significance in treating atherosclerosis as a causative agent is not being given enough attention in the US. While the current medicine 2.0 paradigm focuses on lowering LDL cholesterol and modifying risk, medicine 3.0 treats the causative agent and prevents disease earlier in life. The risk model is flawed as age is the biggest driver of risk, and it is better to identify risk factors early on and treat them sooner. Andrew Huberman and Dr. Peter Attia discuss esoteric topics like peptides, stem cells, and PRP, but ultimately the focus should be on the individual's decision to justify the cost of treatment for personal health.
Dr. Peter Attia's Approach to Evidence-Based Medicine and Patient Selection: Evidence-based medicine and patient selection are crucial factors in optimizing the use of innovative therapies such as stem cells, peptides, and PRP. Dr. Attia emphasizes the importance of gathering multiple pieces of data before using a treatment to avoid wasting resources and potentially harming patients.
Dr. Peter Attia advocates for the need for more clinical trials to be conducted before the widespread use of stem cells, peptides, and PRP. He acknowledges the potential benefits of these therapies, but emphasizes the importance of evidence-based medicine to avoid wasting resources and potentially harming patients. He also highlights the complexity of patient selection in trials as a crucial factor in obtaining meaningful outcomes. Dr. Attia's approach is based on gathering multiple pieces of data before using a treatment, such as his advocacy for rapamycin. His practical views on the best way to approach medical treatments address the need for data-driven decision-making in medicine to achieve the best results.
The Truth About Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Rehabilitation: Medical procedures and drugs may not always be trustworthy, and rehabilitation is essential for recovery. Understanding metabolomic profiles can aid in treating diseases, and exercise is highly beneficial for physical and physiological health.
Some medical procedures may lack legitimacy and be motivated by profit. A lot of drugs in the market do not work for the treatment of psychiatric illness and needs investment from a billionaire or a billion dollar company. Stem cells or peptides may work but they are not a substitute for rehabilitation. People need to do the hard work of rehabilitation, especially after a surgery, and not just rely on medical procedures. Metabolomics is the study of metabolites which are a finite number of substances in the body. Understanding physiologic states and metabolomic profiles can be helpful for treating diseases. Exercise is known to produce the most favorable physical and physiological phenotype.
The Potential of Metabolomics in Combination with GLP-1 Agonists for Treating Obesity and Diabetes: Metabolomics may lead to discovering small molecules that mimic exercise benefits, combined with GLP-1 agonists, like Semaglutide, for treatment of obesity and diabetes. However, some patients may experience nausea due to reduced appetite with semiglutide's central effects being the most effective.
Metabolomics is an untapped field that could potentially lead to the discovery of small molecules that replicate some of the protective benefits of exercise and could be used in combination with exercise as a treatment for other disease states like diabetes. GLP one agonists are more efficacious and safer compared to its previous drug Fen that was used for obesity. Semaglutide is the dose that was studied to treat obesity, which took about 16 weeks to get the patients comfortably up to 2.4 milligrams weekly. However, some patients can't tolerate it due to nausea caused by the suppression of appetite, which may part of how it works. Most of the effective of semiglutide is central, not peripheral.
The Role of Semiglutide in Improving Insulin Sensitivity and Hypothalamus Function: Semiglutide may offer significant benefits for weight loss and insulin sensitivity, but avoiding high-calorie drinks and focusing on lifestyle changes is essential for optimal results. Continuing research on next-generation versions could lead to even more promising outcomes.
Semiglutide may improve insulin sensitivity in the periphery, but most of its benefits may come from improving the hypothalamus. There are next-generation versions available that seem to preserve the weight loss even off the drug. However, it is still unclear whether a person has to stay on the drug indefinitely or off it. Eliminating alcohol is the easiest trick to lose weight, which is incredibly caloric. Semiglutide does not work for people who cheat themselves by drinking a lot of calories. Andrew Huberman is appreciative of Dr. Peter Attia's work ethics, who is a scientist clinician, clinician scientist with clinical and patient experience, and is eager to acquire incoming knowledge.
